Development and optimization of human T-cell leukemia virus-specific antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) assay directed to the envelope protein.

IF 4 2区 医学 Q2 VIROLOGY
Cynthia A Pise-Masison, Mohammad Arif Rahman, Daniel C Masison, Anna Gutowska, Ramona Moles, Massimiliano Bissa, Sarkis Sarkis, Luca Schifanella, Tongqing Zhou, Jennifer Jones, Steve Jacobson, Genoveffa Franchini
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

An estimated 10-20 million people worldwide are infected with the deltaretrovirus human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Although most infected individuals remain asymptomatic, some progress to develop the fatal and debilitating disease adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) or HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) or develop a plethora of other inflammatory disorders. In addition, HTLV-1 infection is associated with immunosuppression and a shorter lifespan. Although a protective role for neutralizing antibodies has been suggested, the role of non-neutralizing antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) remains unclear, largely because an assay to measure this response has not been established. Here, we developed a high-throughput flow cytometry-based assay system to measure HTLV-1 envelope-specific ADCC. We used a natural killer cell-resistant T-lymphoblastoid cell line stably expressing the green fluorescent protein GFP to construct a target cell line expressing HTLV-1 envelope protein and using monoclonal antibodies and plasma samples from HTLV-infected or uninfected individuals, validating the specificity and sensitivity of the assay. We detected high ADCC activity in samples from HTLV-1-infected humans. In the plasma of experimentally infected macaques, ADCC activity was measured and a correlation between ADCC activity and HTLV-1 envelope antibody titers was observed. Further, we observed a significant increase in ADCC titer over time; as HTLV-1 infection persists, a higher ADCC response is generated, potentially influencing disease outcome. ADCC titer in HTLV-1-infected macaques also positively correlated with FLT3LG, IL-17F, CD4+ T cells, and lymphocytes but negatively correlated with monocyte frequency and classical monocyte frequency. In conclusion, these findings detail the generation of a cell line that enabled development of an HTLV-specific ADCC assay, which can be employed in large clinical studies as well as research involving humans or non-human primates.IMPORTANCEThis approach measures human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)-specific envelope antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity responses, provides a critical tool to investigate the role of envelope-specific binding antibodies in the immune control of HTLV infection and pathogenesis, and may help guide the development of both therapeutic and preventative vaccine approaches.

针对包膜蛋白的人t细胞白血病病毒特异性抗体依赖细胞介导细胞毒性(ADCC)测定方法的建立和优化。
据估计,全世界有1000万至2000万人感染了三角洲逆转录病毒人类t细胞白血病病毒1型(HTLV-1)。虽然大多数感染者仍然无症状,但一些进展发展为致命和衰弱性疾病成人t细胞白血病/淋巴瘤(ATLL)或htlc相关脊髓病/热带痉挛性截瘫(HAM/TSP)或发展为过多的其他炎症性疾病。此外,HTLV-1感染与免疫抑制和较短的寿命有关。虽然已经提出了中和抗体的保护作用,但非中和抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒性(ADCC)的作用仍不清楚,主要是因为尚未建立测量这种反应的测定方法。在这里,我们开发了一种基于流式细胞术的高通量检测系统来测量HTLV-1包膜特异性ADCC。我们使用稳定表达绿色荧光蛋白GFP的自然杀伤细胞抗性t淋巴母细胞样细胞系构建表达HTLV-1包膜蛋白的靶细胞系,并使用htlv感染或未感染个体的单克隆抗体和血浆样本,验证该检测的特异性和敏感性。我们在htlv -1感染者的样本中检测到高ADCC活性。在实验感染的猕猴血浆中测定ADCC活性,并观察ADCC活性与HTLV-1包膜抗体滴度的相关性。此外,我们观察到ADCC滴度随着时间的推移显着增加;随着HTLV-1感染的持续,产生更高的ADCC反应,可能影响疾病结局。htlv -1感染猕猴ADCC滴度与FLT3LG、IL-17F、CD4+ T细胞和淋巴细胞呈正相关,与单核细胞频率和经典单核细胞频率呈负相关。总之,这些发现详细说明了一种细胞系的产生,使htlv特异性ADCC测定的发展成为可能,这可以用于大型临床研究以及涉及人类或非人类灵长类动物的研究。该方法测量人类t细胞白血病病毒(HTLV)特异性包膜抗体依赖的细胞介导的细胞毒性反应,为研究包膜特异性结合抗体在HTLV感染和发病机制的免疫控制中的作用提供了重要工具,并可能有助于指导治疗性和预防性疫苗方法的发展。
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来源期刊
Journal of Virology
Journal of Virology 医学-病毒学
CiteScore
10.10
自引率
7.40%
发文量
906
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Journal of Virology (JVI) explores the nature of the viruses of animals, archaea, bacteria, fungi, plants, and protozoa. We welcome papers on virion structure and assembly, viral genome replication and regulation of gene expression, genetic diversity and evolution, virus-cell interactions, cellular responses to infection, transformation and oncogenesis, gene delivery, viral pathogenesis and immunity, and vaccines and antiviral agents.
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