{"title":"Comparison of gluteus maximus subdivisions, erector spinae, and biceps femoris activities and lumbopelvic motion during various prone hip exercises.","authors":"Sun-Shil Shin, Won-Gyu Yoo","doi":"10.1177/10538127251323114","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that the gluteus maximus (GMax) consists of two distinct functional portions: the upper or superficial portion (GMU) and the lower or deep portion (GML). However, there is a lack of current literature providing recommendations for effective functional exercises that specifically target each subdivision of the GMax.ObjectiveTo investigate differences in GMax subdivisions, erector spinae (ES), and biceps femoris (BF) electromyographic (EMG) activity and lumbopelvic motion during five prone hip extension (PHE) exercises.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 38 asymptomatic young adults. Participants performed five PHE exercises: PHE with knee extension (PHEKE), PHE with 90° knee flexion (PHRKF) and hip abduction 0° (PHEKFA0), 15° (PHEKFA15), 30° (PHEKFA30), and PHEKF with trunk support on the table (PHEKFTS). Surface EMG signals were recorded from GMU, GML, ES, and BF on the dominant side and the angles of pelvic were measured during the exercises, which involved an abdominal drawing-in maneuver. Differences in EMG amplitude and pelvic motion among the five conditions were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). For significant main effects, pairwise comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni correction to identify specific differences between conditions (0.05/10). The level of statistical significance was set at p <0.005.ResultsGMU and GML EMG amplitudes showed similar trends across the five PHE exercises. The highest EMG amplitudes for GMU and GML were observed in the PHEKFTS exercise. Additionally, the GMU and GML EMG amplitudes were significantly greater in PHEKFA30 compared to PHEKFA15 and PHEKFA0 (p < 0.005). Muscle activation of ES was significantly higher in PHEKFA30 compared to PHEKE exercises showed significant differences (p < 0.005). Muscle activation of BF and BF/Gmax ratio were significantly higher in PHEKE compared to all other PHE exercises (p < 0.005).ConclusionClinically, PHEKFA30 is recommended for effectively activating GMU and GML while minimizing compensation from BF, and managing lumbopelvic motions. For advanced GMax rehabilitation, PHEKFTS is suggested due to its favourable ratio of ES to GMax.</p>","PeriodicalId":15129,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation","volume":" ","pages":"10538127251323114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10538127251323114","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ORTHOPEDICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have reported that the gluteus maximus (GMax) consists of two distinct functional portions: the upper or superficial portion (GMU) and the lower or deep portion (GML). However, there is a lack of current literature providing recommendations for effective functional exercises that specifically target each subdivision of the GMax.ObjectiveTo investigate differences in GMax subdivisions, erector spinae (ES), and biceps femoris (BF) electromyographic (EMG) activity and lumbopelvic motion during five prone hip extension (PHE) exercises.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 38 asymptomatic young adults. Participants performed five PHE exercises: PHE with knee extension (PHEKE), PHE with 90° knee flexion (PHRKF) and hip abduction 0° (PHEKFA0), 15° (PHEKFA15), 30° (PHEKFA30), and PHEKF with trunk support on the table (PHEKFTS). Surface EMG signals were recorded from GMU, GML, ES, and BF on the dominant side and the angles of pelvic were measured during the exercises, which involved an abdominal drawing-in maneuver. Differences in EMG amplitude and pelvic motion among the five conditions were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). For significant main effects, pairwise comparisons were conducted with Bonferroni correction to identify specific differences between conditions (0.05/10). The level of statistical significance was set at p <0.005.ResultsGMU and GML EMG amplitudes showed similar trends across the five PHE exercises. The highest EMG amplitudes for GMU and GML were observed in the PHEKFTS exercise. Additionally, the GMU and GML EMG amplitudes were significantly greater in PHEKFA30 compared to PHEKFA15 and PHEKFA0 (p < 0.005). Muscle activation of ES was significantly higher in PHEKFA30 compared to PHEKE exercises showed significant differences (p < 0.005). Muscle activation of BF and BF/Gmax ratio were significantly higher in PHEKE compared to all other PHE exercises (p < 0.005).ConclusionClinically, PHEKFA30 is recommended for effectively activating GMU and GML while minimizing compensation from BF, and managing lumbopelvic motions. For advanced GMax rehabilitation, PHEKFTS is suggested due to its favourable ratio of ES to GMax.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation is a journal whose main focus is to present relevant information about the interdisciplinary approach to musculoskeletal rehabilitation for clinicians who treat patients with back and musculoskeletal pain complaints. It will provide readers with both 1) a general fund of knowledge on the assessment and management of specific problems and 2) new information considered to be state-of-the-art in the field. The intended audience is multidisciplinary as well as multi-specialty.
In each issue clinicians can find information which they can use in their patient setting the very next day.