Molecular and agro-morphological evaluations of interspecific hybridisation in two wild yams (Dioscorea spp.) for genetic improvement

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI:10.1016/j.egg.2025.100345

F.P. Oyedoyin , O.J. Olawuyi , P.A. Agre , Asrat Asfaw

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is an essential food crop particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. As breeders struggle to meet the rising demand for high-yielding and quality yam, hybridising underutilised wild species presents a promising solution. This study therefore investigated the potentials of hybridising two wild yam species, Dioscorea abyssinica and Dioscorea praehensilis known for their resilience and genetic potential as ancestors of the cultivated West African yam, Dioscorea rotundata, using hand-pollination method. Hybridity was assessed with eight sub-sets of Kompetitive allele-specific markers, and the progenies were evaluated morphologically using standard descriptors. Markers detected heterozygosity in 65 (92.9 %) of 70 progenies, confirming successful hybridisation. Significant (p < 0.05) variation was observed in growth and yield traits, with TDabp2101048, TDabp2101010, and TDabp2101068 excelling in stem length (348.91 cm), internode length (23.36 cm), and vigour (5.85) respectively. The highest tuber length (42.91 cm), tuber weight (1.14 kg) and number of tubers (4) were produced by TDabp2101052, TDabp2101046 and TDabp2101054, respectively. Progenies showed comparable traits to D. rotundata, indicating high genetic compatibility. These findings suggest putative potential for selecting superior genotypes, improving yam breeding programs through genetic diversity, enhancing crop resilience and productivity.

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两种野生薯蓣种间杂交遗传改良的分子和农业形态学评价

山药（薯蓣属）是一种重要的粮食作物，特别是在撒哈拉以南非洲。由于育种者努力满足对高产优质山药日益增长的需求，将未充分利用的野生物种杂交是一个有希望的解决方案。因此，本研究利用人工授粉的方法，研究了两种野生山药的杂交潜力。这两种山药是西非栽培山药圆形山药（Dioscorea rotundata）的祖先，具有恢复力和遗传潜力。杂种性用8个竞争性等位基因特异性标记进行评估，并用标准描述符对后代进行形态学评估。70个后代中有65个（92.9%）的标记检测到杂合性，证实杂交成功。显著性(p <；TDabp2101048、TDabp2101010和TDabp2101068分别在茎长（348.91 cm）、节间长（23.36 cm）和活力（5.85 cm）方面表现优异。TDabp2101052、TDabp2101046和TDabp2101054的块茎长度最高，分别为42.91 cm、1.14 kg和4个块茎。后代表现出与圆尾草相当的性状，表明遗传相容性高。这些发现表明了选择优良基因型、通过遗传多样性改善山药育种计划、提高作物抗逆性和生产力的潜在潜力。

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来源期刊

Ecological Genetics and Genomics Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics

CiteScore

1.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Ecological Genetics and Genomics publishes ecological studies of broad interest that provide significant insight into ecological interactions or/ and species diversification. New data in these areas are published as research papers, or methods and resource reports that provide novel information on technologies or tools that will be of interest to a broad readership. Complete data sets are shared where appropriate. The journal also provides Reviews, and Perspectives articles, which present commentary on the latest advances published both here and elsewhere, placing such progress in its broader biological context. Topics include: -metagenomics -population genetics/genomics -evolutionary ecology -conservation and molecular adaptation -speciation genetics -environmental and marine genomics -ecological simulation -genomic divergence of organisms