Dual-constricted plasma arc cladding of Inconel 625 alloy: arc characteristics, microstructure, and corrosion resistance

IF 3.4 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

International Journal of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Pub Date : 2025-03-28 DOI:10.1186/s40712-025-00262-3

Xinyi Shi, Yuxin Liu, Mengqing Zhang, Zhe Sun

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Abstract

Inconel 625 alloy exhibits high strength, fabricability, and resistance to corrosion. Cladding processes including laser cladding, arc welding-based cladding, and plasma arc cladding have been applied to deposit the Inconel 625 layer with metallurgical bonding for surface protection. In this work, we developed a dual-constricted (DC) plasma arc cladding process to fabricate Inconel 625 coating. A numerical model was used to understand the arc thermal distribution, and the microstructure and corrosion resistance of the deposited layers were analyzed. It shows that in the DC plasma arc cladding process, the arc has a narrower column with increased energy density, and it can generate a higher arc pressure on the processing area. The deposited single track is narrower and thicker, and the melt pool penetration is deeper. In the Inconel 625 layer deposited by the DC-plasma arc, the microstructure is refined, and the Laves and MC precipitates are observed. The corrosion test indicates that the corrosion resistance in the 3.5% NaCl solution of the coating fabricated by DC plasma arc cladding is increased compared to conventional plasma arc cladding.

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Inconel 625合金的双收缩等离子弧包覆：电弧特性、显微组织和耐蚀性

Inconel 625合金具有高强度、可加工性和耐腐蚀性。采用激光熔覆、电弧焊基熔覆和等离子弧熔覆等熔覆工艺沉积了铬镍铁合金625层，并进行了表面保护。在这项工作中，我们开发了一种双收缩（DC）等离子弧包覆工艺来制备Inconel 625涂层。利用数值模型了解电弧热分布，分析堆积层的显微组织和耐蚀性。结果表明，在直流等离子体电弧熔覆过程中，电弧柱越窄，能量密度越高，可在加工区产生较高的电弧压力。沉积的单轨更窄、更厚，熔池渗透更深。在直流等离子弧沉积的Inconel 625层中，显微组织得到细化，析出Laves和MC相。腐蚀试验表明，与传统的等离子弧熔覆层相比，直流等离子弧熔覆层在3.5% NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性有所提高。

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