Intimate partner violence among people living with the human immune virus: a quantitative analysis of prevalence and associated sociodemographic factors in Ghana

Maximillian Kolbe Domapielle , Benjamin Spears Ngmekpele Cheabu , Constance Awinpoka Akurugu , Justine Guguneni Tuolong , Marshall Kala , Sadat Zakari Abugbila
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Abstract

Objective

Intimate partner violence (IPV) among people living with the human immune deficiency virus (PLHIV) poses a significant threat to efforts to reduce the spread of human immune deficiency virus (HIV) and achieve the sustainable development goals. In Ghana, scholarly research on the forms and prevalence of IPV is available, however knowledge of the prevalence of IPV among PLHIV is limited. To understand the prevalence of IPV among PLHIV and the intersectional factors that contribute to it, this study examined the overall prevalence of IPV among PLHIV and the associated sociodemographic factors across ten regions of Ghana.

Methods

We administered face-to-face survey questionnaires to 661 randomly selected antiretroviral therapy (ART) clients using Research Electronic Data Capture tools. We used descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum, and maximum), pairwise correlation, and multivariate regression analysis to look at the data.

Results

The clients of ART experienced various forms of IPV, including sexual, physical, emotional, and economic violence and controlling behaviour. The overall prevalence of IPV among PLHIV was 27.5 %. This result, although on par with the global IPV average (27 %), is 1.5 % higher than the national rate (26 %). The Upper West Region had the highest prevalence in all the categories of IPV analysed, followed by Oti Region in second place and the Upper East Region in third, except for the prevalence of sexual violence, where Greater Accra Region ranks second. In specific regions of Ghana, sociodemographic factors shaped by patriarchal and economic considerations contribute to a higher prevalence of IPV among people living with HIV.

Conclusion

The findings have implications for developing policies and interventions that address the specific factors associated with HIV-induced IPV in different regions of Ghana. These interventions should also include screening PLHIV receiving ART for their IPV status regardless of gender and deploying culturally appropriate education at the community level to foster empathy towards intimate partners living with HIV.
人体免疫病毒感染者之间的亲密伴侣暴力:加纳流行率和相关社会人口因素的定量分析
目的人类免疫缺陷病毒(PLHIV)感染者之间的亲密伴侣暴力(IPV)对减少人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)传播和实现可持续发展目标的努力构成重大威胁。在加纳,关于IPV的形式和流行的学术研究是可用的,但是关于IPV在艾滋病毒感染者中的流行情况的知识是有限的。为了了解PLHIV中IPV的流行情况以及导致IPV的交叉因素,本研究调查了加纳10个地区PLHIV中IPV的总体流行情况以及相关的社会人口因素。方法采用研究电子数据采集工具对随机抽取的661例抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)患者进行面对面问卷调查。我们使用描述性统计(平均值、标准差、最小值和最大值)、两两相关和多变量回归分析来查看数据。结果接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的患者经历了各种形式的IPV,包括性暴力、身体暴力、情感暴力和经济暴力以及控制行为。PLHIV中IPV的总患病率为27.5%。这一结果虽然与全球IPV平均水平(27%)相当,但比全国IPV平均水平(26%)高出1.5%。在所有分析的IPV类别中,上西部地区的患病率最高,其次是第二名的奥蒂地区,第三名的上东部地区,除了性暴力的患病率,大阿克拉地区排名第二。在加纳的特定地区,受父权制和经济因素影响的社会人口因素导致艾滋病毒感染者中IPV的流行率较高。结论研究结果对加纳不同地区制定政策和干预措施解决与hiv诱导IPV相关的具体因素具有启示意义。这些干预措施还应包括筛查接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒感染者的IPV状况,不论性别,并在社区一级开展文化上适当的教育,以促进对感染艾滋病毒的亲密伴侣的同情。
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来源期刊
Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
Global health journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Public Health and Health Policy
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5.00
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