Identifying destructive earthquakes in reinforced concrete moment frames: The role of ground motion parameters and soil-structure interaction

Abstract

This study focuses on the challenge of identifying the most destructive earthquakes to minimize earthquake-induced damage, with particular attention to the seismic behavior of special reinforced concrete moment frames (RCMFs) and the influence of soil-structure interaction (SSI). To achieve this objective, a numerical model was developed in OpenSEES platform to analyze RCMFs with heights of 2, 6 and 10 stories on four different soil types (Site Classes B to E). Also, to consider the effect of SSI, the study utilized a Beam on Nonlinear Winkler Foundation approach (BNWF), incorporating springs and dashpots. An extensive set of earthquake records, including 274 horizontal ground motion records, categorized based on shear wave velocity for each site class, was employed. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was used to identify the most destructive earthquake scenarios, with maximum inter-story drift serving as the damage measure (DM) for the four seismic performance levels proposed by HAZUS and peak ground acceleration (PGA) as the intensity measure (IM). After performing correlation analysis between the 57 ground motion parameters (GMPs) and the maximum inter-story drift, followed by an inter-correlation analysis among the candidate GMPs, it was ultimately determined that the GMPs: $V_{\max }/A_{\max }$, $T_m$ and $F5\mathrm{PSD}$, accurately represent the potential for seismic damage. IDA results highlighted the significant influence of SSI on the seismic performance of structure, especially in taller buildings constructed on softer soil types. Finally, two equations were developed based on the identified GMPs to determine and rank destructive earthquakes for both SSI and no-SSI (NSSI) conditions.