Efficiency and Applicability of Virtual Surgical Planning in Maxillofacial and Mandibular Bone Reconstruction: A Narrative Review.

Abstract

Background: Facial structures are critical to aesthetics and function. Deformities can cause significant problems. Advances in surgical techniques, including three-dimensional (3D) computer simulation and virtual surgical planning (VSP), have improved outcomes. VSP accurately predicts surgical outcomes, revolutionizing facial reconstruction. This article reviews VSP in facial bone reconstruction, highlighting its advantages and accuracy over traditional methods. Methods: A systematic search using Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar revealed 1645 articles that addressed the topic of this study. Results: The systematic search yielded 64 articles that were highly relevant to the study objective, underscoring the critical importance of virtual surgical planning (VSP) in enhancing surgical precision and patient satisfaction. VSP has become a key player in improving surgical interventions and reducing complications, reinforcing its role as the preferred method in modern reconstructive surgery and thus improving functional and aesthetic outcomes, significantly enhancing patient satisfaction, and ensuring accurate interpretation of treatment plans. When compared to traditional surgical planning (TSP), VSP offers increased accuracy, shorter operating times, and superior aesthetic outcomes. Conclusions: VSP has been shown to effectively manage the complex challenges of facial anatomy and has significantly enhanced the planning and execution of reconstructive surgeries. This has been achieved by leveraging advanced imaging and computer-aided design.