Vortex modulation via four-wave mixing in superconducting artificial atoms

Abstract

We theoretically study the azimuthal and radial vortex modulation via four-wave mixing (FWM) in superconducting artificial atoms. When both control fields carry orbital angular momentum (OAM), the intensity and phase distribution of the FWM field can be flexibly modulated by adjusting the azimuthal and radial indices of the two OAM modes. If only one control field is in a superposition of two OAM modes, the superposition OAM can be effectively transferred to the FWM field. Additionally, when only one control field is in a single OAM mode, the spatial phase of the FWM field can be manipulated by adjusting the detuning and intensity of the control field. Our proposed scheme provides a way to realize OAM transmission and spiral phase regulation in superconducting artificial atoms, and may find nonlinear quantum applications in microwave optics.