{"title":"Synchronization of Kuramoto oscillators via HEOL, and a discussion on AI","authors":"Emmanuel Delaleau , Cédric Join , Michel Fliess","doi":"10.1016/j.ifacol.2025.03.040","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial neural networks and their applications in deep learning have recently made an incursion into the field of control. Deep learning techniques in control are often related to optimal control, which relies on the Pontryagin maximum principle or the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. They imply control schemes that are tedious to implement. We show here that the new HEOL setting, resulting from the fusion of the two established approaches, namely differential flatness and model-free control, provides a solution to control problems that is more sober in terms of computational resources. This communication is devoted to the synchronization of the popular Kuramoto’s coupled oscillators, which was already considered via artificial neural networks by L. Bttcher <em>et al.</em> (Nature Commun., 2022), where, contrarily to this communication, only the single control variable case is examined. One establishes the flatness of Kuramotos coupled oscillator model with multiplicative control and develops the resulting HEOL control. Unlike many examples, this system reveals singularities that are avoided by a clever generation of phase angle trajectories. The results obtained, verified in simulations, show that it is not only possible to synchronize these oscillators in finite time, and even to follow angular frequency profiles, but also to exhibit robustness concerning model mismatches. To the best of our knowledge that has never been done before. Concluding remarks advocate a viewpoint, which might be traced back to Wiener’s cybernetics: control theory belongs to AI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37894,"journal":{"name":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","volume":"59 1","pages":"Pages 229-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"IFAC-PapersOnLine","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405896325002575","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Engineering","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Artificial neural networks and their applications in deep learning have recently made an incursion into the field of control. Deep learning techniques in control are often related to optimal control, which relies on the Pontryagin maximum principle or the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. They imply control schemes that are tedious to implement. We show here that the new HEOL setting, resulting from the fusion of the two established approaches, namely differential flatness and model-free control, provides a solution to control problems that is more sober in terms of computational resources. This communication is devoted to the synchronization of the popular Kuramoto’s coupled oscillators, which was already considered via artificial neural networks by L. Bttcher et al. (Nature Commun., 2022), where, contrarily to this communication, only the single control variable case is examined. One establishes the flatness of Kuramotos coupled oscillator model with multiplicative control and develops the resulting HEOL control. Unlike many examples, this system reveals singularities that are avoided by a clever generation of phase angle trajectories. The results obtained, verified in simulations, show that it is not only possible to synchronize these oscillators in finite time, and even to follow angular frequency profiles, but also to exhibit robustness concerning model mismatches. To the best of our knowledge that has never been done before. Concluding remarks advocate a viewpoint, which might be traced back to Wiener’s cybernetics: control theory belongs to AI.
期刊介绍:
All papers from IFAC meetings are published, in partnership with Elsevier, the IFAC Publisher, in theIFAC-PapersOnLine proceedings series hosted at the ScienceDirect web service. This series includes papers previously published in the IFAC website.The main features of the IFAC-PapersOnLine series are: -Online archive including papers from IFAC Symposia, Congresses, Conferences, and most Workshops. -All papers accepted at the meeting are published in PDF format - searchable and citable. -All papers published on the web site can be cited using the IFAC PapersOnLine ISSN and the individual paper DOI (Digital Object Identifier). The site is Open Access in nature - no charge is made to individuals for reading or downloading. Copyright of all papers belongs to IFAC and must be referenced if derivative journal papers are produced from the conference papers. All papers published in IFAC-PapersOnLine have undergone a peer review selection process according to the IFAC rules.