A multi active full bridge integrated renewable energy standalone EV charging station with battery storage backup

Abstract

A standalone EV charging station powered by renewable sources presents a complex and often unreliable system due to the instability of renewable energy. Typically, the most cost-effective and low-maintenance renewable source is solar power. Solar panels generate electricity based on solar insolation, which can be unpredictable. In this paper, we propose a standalone EV charging station that utilizes solar panels combined with a BSM system to ensure power and voltage stability. The solar panels are designed with a bifacial structure, which enhances power generation by capturing reflected solar insolation on the back of the panels. The BSM regulates the charging and discharging processes according to the available solar power and the demands of the EV charging station. The charging station is equipped with a MAFB circuit that can charge multiple EV batteries while minimizing ripple content. The primary port of the MAFB is connected to a common DC link that shares power between the BSM and the solar module. The secondary ports of the MAFB connect to the EV batteries. The system's performance characteristics are evaluated under V2 G and G2 V operating conditions. Additionally, a comparative analysis is conducted between the performance of a conventional DC-DC bidirectional converter and the MAFB. This analysis considers various factors such as ripple, disturbances, and damping factors to identify the superior circuit topology. The complete analysis and simulation results are generated using the Simulink environment in MATLAB, utilizing components from the 'Power System' Simulink library.