Understanding Cancer Epidemiology in Himachal Pradesh, India.

Abstract

Objective: This study investigated the distribution of cancer cases across different age groups, sexes, and regions in Himachal Pradesh, India, with the aim of informing targeted public health strategies.

Materials and methods: Cancer incidence data were collected from various age groups, sexes, and blocks.

Statistical analysis: Chi-square tests were used to assess the significance of differences in cancer patient distribution according to age, sex, and region.

Results: Cancer incidence increased with age, peaking in the 58 to 67 years age group. The highest number of patient was reported, particularly among individuals aged 38 years and above. Minimal cases were observed in the youngest age groups (< 17 and 18-27 years), while a significant increase was noted in the middle age groups (28-57 years). Cancer cases were nearly equally distributed between males (50.1%) and females (49.9%). A chi-square value of 180.18 indicated a statistically significant difference in cancer incidence according to age and sex. Gender-specific trends revealed higher cancer incidences in females during middle age (28-57 years) and in males during older age (58 years and above). The highest number of cases was 18.1%, followed by 14.7 and 14.6%, while the lowest incidence was 1.5%.

Conclusion: The present study underscores the need for comprehensive and targeted public health strategies to manage cancer burdens effectively. Focusing on high-incidence regions and ensuring equitable health care access for all genders can improve cancer outcomes and reduce mortality rates associated with the disease.