Comparative techno-economic analysis of using multisource renewable energy with flexible storage systems for various environments

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive techno-economic analysis of integrating multisource renewable energy systems—solar panels, wind turbines, and flexible energy storage solutions (batteries, electrolyzers, and hydrogen tanks)—across various climatic regions in Iran. The study addresses the pressing need for transitioning from fossil fuels to renewables due to the environmental impacts of carbon emissions and rising global energy demands. Utilizing HOMER software for simulations, we evaluated the performance and economic viability of these renewable systems in 15 cities with diverse climatic conditions. Our findings highlight significant potential in regions like Zahedan, where favorable wind conditions enhance renewable viability, contrasted by challenges in Sari, which suffers from suboptimal solar and wind resources. The analysis demonstrates that a combination of renewable sources can effectively meet a daily electrical load of 5 MWh, contingent on careful consideration of component capacities and investment costs. Tailored solutions for different regions were emphasized to optimize energy production and reduce costs, advocating for strategic investments in renewable systems as a path to enhanced sustainability and economic viability in Iran. Moreover, the study identifies gaps in current literature, underscoring the need for more detailed investigations to further explore and optimize renewable energy systems countrywide. This research contributes to the broader discourse on sustainable energy transitions, providing valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to invest in and develop Iran's renewable energy infrastructure.