Reconstructing the alarming fire history of Ankarafantsika National Park in northwestern Madagascar over a 35 year-period

IF 3.8 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Misa Rasolozaka , Dominik Schüßler , Johnny Randriafenontsoa , Fenohery Andriatsitohaina , Princia Rakotomamonjy , Harison Rabarison , Ute Radespiel
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Abstract

The extent of fires in tropical ecosystems is highly dynamic, and responses of tropical dry forests to fire seem to vary and are not well understood. This study reconstructs a 35-year long fire history of the dry forests in the Ankarafantsika National Park (ANP) in Madagascar. In recent years, forest fires have been reported in this region, potentially threatening habitat integrity and connectivity inside ANP. We assessed the fire dynamics with yearly Landsat satellite images from 1988 to 2023 (Landsat 4–5, Landsat 7, Landsat 8–9) by means of the Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR) and the differenced NBR (dNBR) with a 30m resolution. To validate the fire classification in addition to exemplary ground truthing, 350 random points were selected across ANP and visually classified based on yearly Red Green Blue false-color composites and their corresponding dNBR images. Inside ANP, 70 % of the vegetation burnt at least once, while 18 % burnt even more than three times. Fire distribution was heterogenous with fires being more frequent in the north than in the south of ANP. The extent of burnt areas fluctuated over the years peaking in 2016 with 229 km2 (22 % of the park vegetation). Fires recurred after 1–34 years, but more frequently than expected after 3–5 years. Areas requiring urgent conservation attention are highlighted and a baseline for developing fire management strategies is provided. Finally, this study demonstrates that ground truthing is essential to implement an analytical pipeline to correctly infer burnt and unburnt vegetation parts from series of satellite pictures.
重建了马达加斯加西北部Ankarafantsika国家公园35年来令人震惊的火灾历史
热带生态系统中火灾的范围是高度动态的,热带干燥森林对火灾的反应似乎各不相同,而且还没有得到很好的理解。本研究重建了马达加斯加Ankarafantsika国家公园(ANP)干旱森林35年的火灾历史。近年来,该地区报告了森林火灾,可能威胁到ANP内部栖息地的完整性和连通性。利用1988 - 2023年Landsat卫星影像(Landsat 4-5、Landsat 7、Landsat 8-9),采用归一化燃烧比(NBR)和差异燃烧比(dNBR),在30m分辨率下评估了该地区的火灾动态。为了验证火灾分类以及典型的地面真实性,在ANP中随机选择350个点,并根据每年的红绿蓝假色复合材料及其相应的dNBR图像进行视觉分类。在ANP内部,70%的植被至少被烧毁一次,18%的植被甚至被烧毁三次以上。火灾分布不均,北部比南部更频繁。多年来,燃烧面积的范围波动较大,在2016年达到峰值,为229平方公里(占公园植被的22%)。火灾在1-34年后再次发生,但在3-5年后比预期更频繁。强调了需要紧急注意的保护领域,并提供了制定火灾管理战略的基线。最后,该研究表明,地面真实性对于实现从一系列卫星图像中正确推断燃烧和未燃烧植被部分的分析管道至关重要。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.00
自引率
8.50%
发文量
204
审稿时长
65 days
期刊介绍: The journal ''Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment'' (RSASE) focuses on remote sensing studies that address specific topics with an emphasis on environmental and societal issues - regional / local studies with global significance. Subjects are encouraged to have an interdisciplinary approach and include, but are not limited by: " -Global and climate change studies addressing the impact of increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases, CO2 emission, carbon balance and carbon mitigation, energy system on social and environmental systems -Ecological and environmental issues including biodiversity, ecosystem dynamics, land degradation, atmospheric and water pollution, urban footprint, ecosystem management and natural hazards (e.g. earthquakes, typhoons, floods, landslides) -Natural resource studies including land-use in general, biomass estimation, forests, agricultural land, plantation, soils, coral reefs, wetland and water resources -Agriculture, food production systems and food security outcomes -Socio-economic issues including urban systems, urban growth, public health, epidemics, land-use transition and land use conflicts -Oceanography and coastal zone studies, including sea level rise projections, coastlines changes and the ocean-land interface -Regional challenges for remote sensing application techniques, monitoring and analysis, such as cloud screening and atmospheric correction for tropical regions -Interdisciplinary studies combining remote sensing, household survey data, field measurements and models to address environmental, societal and sustainability issues -Quantitative and qualitative analysis that documents the impact of using remote sensing studies in social, political, environmental or economic systems
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