Relationship between housing and health in conflict-affected Gaza and policy implications for reducing health inequities.

Abstract

Background: Poor housing infrastructure, displacement and limited access to healthcare exacerbate health inequities and have negative impact on the wellbeing of residents in conflict-affected areas such as Gaza.

Aim: To explore the relationship between housing conditions and health outcomes due to the war in the Gaza Strip.

Methods: Using a semi-structured questionnaire, we conducted focus group discussions with 25 participants aged ≥18 years in the Gaza Strip, and in-depth interviews with 10 key informants, between May and August 2024. Using NVivo software, we conducted thematic analysis to explore how housing conditions impacted health outcomes.

Results: Participants reported inadequate housing, characterized by overcrowding, structural damage and poor sanitation, which contributed to significant physical health problems, including respiratory infections and waterborne diseases. Psychological stress and mental health issues were prevalent among the displaced individuals and lack of access to healthcare exacerbated health disparities among them.

Conclusion: There is a critical link between housing conditions and health outcomes in Gaza. We recommend policy changes that will improve housing infrastructure and enhance access to health services, as well as psychosocial support for displaced populations in Gaza Strip, as this could help reduce health inequities and mitigate the long-term health impact of displacement.