Exploring Frontiers of Polar-Domain Codebooks for Near-Field Channel Estimation and Beam Training: A comprehensive analysis, case studies, and implications for 6G

IF 9.4 1区 工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
Asmaa Abdallah;Ahmed Hussain;Abdulkadir Celik;Ahmed M. Eltawil
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks approach, leveraging the millimeter-wave (mmWave) and terahertz (THz) bands’ abundant spectrum becomes crucial, promising ultrahigh data rates and enabling immersive communication experiences. This transformation, characterized by the integration of ultramassive multi-in multi-out (UM-MIMO) systems, facilitates significant increases in throughput and capacity by utilizing densely packed antenna arrays. The resulting shift from traditional far-field communication, with its planar wavefronts, to near-field communication, where spherical wavefronts predominate, necessitates a reevaluation of conventional beamforming and channel estimation methods. Effective codebooks, based on the spherical wavefront phenomenon, are vital for both channel estimation and beam focusing, providing predefined sets of beam steering vectors or codewords needed to efficiently probe the channel and direct the beams toward desired directions. This article explores the development of polar-domain codebooks tailored for these near-field conditions. We reveal the exact boundaries of near-field communication, design polar codebooks based on our sparsity analysis findings, and demonstrate their efficacy in channel estimation and beam training without relying on user range information. These codebooks significantly reduce dimensionality, offering a practical solution to the challenges of minimal pilot overhead. Through two case studies, one on channel estimation and the other on beam training using the defined polar-domain codebooks, we illustrate the potential of these methodologies to enhance system performance and spectral efficiency in near-field wireless systems.
探索用于近场信道估计和波束训练的极域编码本的前沿:全面分析、案例研究及对 6G 的影响
随着第六代(6G)无线网络的到来,利用毫米波(mmWave)和太赫兹(THz)频段的丰富频谱变得至关重要,有望实现超高数据速率并实现沉浸式通信体验。这种转变的特点是集成了超大规模的多入多出(UM-MIMO)系统,通过利用密集的天线阵列,促进了吞吐量和容量的显著增加。由此产生的从传统的远场通信的平面波前,到近场通信的球面波前占主导地位的转变,需要重新评估传统的波束形成和信道估计方法。有效的码本,基于球面波前现象,对于信道估计和波束聚焦都是至关重要的,它提供了一组预定义的波束转向矢量或码字,以有效地探测信道并将波束引导到所需的方向。本文探讨了为这些近场条件量身定制的极域码本的开发。我们揭示了近场通信的确切边界,基于我们的稀疏性分析结果设计了极性码本,并证明了它们在不依赖用户距离信息的情况下在信道估计和波束训练方面的有效性。这些码本显著地降低了维数,为最小化飞行员开销的挑战提供了一个实用的解决方案。通过两个案例研究,一个是信道估计,另一个是使用定义的极域码本进行波束训练,我们说明了这些方法在近场无线系统中提高系统性能和频谱效率的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 工程技术-工程:电子与电气
CiteScore
27.20
自引率
0.70%
发文量
123
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: EEE Signal Processing Magazine is a publication that focuses on signal processing research and applications. It publishes tutorial-style articles, columns, and forums that cover a wide range of topics related to signal processing. The magazine aims to provide the research, educational, and professional communities with the latest technical developments, issues, and events in the field. It serves as the main communication platform for the society, addressing important matters that concern all members.
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