Severity of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma and Female Sexual Dysfunction among Older Adults in Malaysia.

Abstract

Aims and background: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in older adults with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and its correlation with the severity of visual field (VF) defects. Additionally, potential associated factors with FSD were identified.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included a total of 210 female patients with POAG, aged between 40 and 80 years, from three tertiary centers in two states of Malaysia, conducted between September 2019 and 2020. FSD was assessed using the self-administered Bahasa Malaysia version of the Female Sexual Function Index-6 (MvFSFI-6), with scores of ≤19 indicating FSD. The severity of POAG was evaluated using the modified Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS) scoring system, predicated on two reliable consecutive VFs evaluated by two masked investigators, categorizing the condition as mild, moderate, or severe. Medical records were reviewed for POAG management and other systemic comorbidities. Sociodemographic data, including education and living status, were obtained from the participants.

Results: The participants' average age was 66.7 (7.9) years. The prevalence of FSD is 78.5%. MvFSFI-6 scores decreased with age (r = -0.88; p < 0.001) and revealed an exponential decline with increasing AGIS scores (r = -0.238, p = 0.010). Higher education was correlated with a 67% decreased possibility of experiencing FSD (OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.12-0.88).

Conclusion: FSD is common among female patients with POAG. Sexual well-being is a crucial factor for women with POAG, particularly those with severe VF defects and lower education levels. Ophthalmologists, gerontologists, and women's health experts need to address this issue to ensure a better quality of life (QoL) for older adults.

Clinical significance: Sexual dysfunction (SD) among women with POAG increases with the severity of the disease, especially among those with lower education levels. To ensure a good QoL for these women, sexual function should be included in the comprehensive management of POAG.

How to cite this article: Chee CC, Sabah H, Yaakub A, et al. Severity of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma and Female Sexual Dysfunction among Older Adults in Malaysia. J Curr Glaucoma Pract 2024;18(4):155-161.