Characteristics of the electron beam outside the applicator in an Elekta Versa HD Linac.

IF 2.4 4区 医学 Q3 ENGINEERING, BIOMEDICAL
Kapil Dev Maharaj, Simon Goodall, Mahsheed Sabet, Joshua Dass, Mounir Ibrahim, Talat Mahmood, Pejman Rowshanfarzad
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Abstract

Radiotherapy is an essential component of cancer treatment, but healthy tissues can be exposed to out-of-field doses, potentially causing adverse effects and secondary cancers. This study investigates peripheral doses outside the electron beam applicator in an Elekta Versa HD linear accelerator. Peripheral doses outside an electron applicator were measured using 6, 9, and 12 MeV beams at their respective maximum dose depths while maintaining a 100 cm source-to-surface distance. Measurements employed EBT3 films within Plastic Water DT phantoms. The influence of field size on penumbra width and peripheral doses were examined using various cutouts (6 × 6 cm², 10 × 10 cm², and a 5 cm diameter circle) within a 10 × 10 cm² applicator, with gantry and collimator angles set to 0 degrees. Additionally, the impact of collimator angles on penumbra width and peripheral doses was explored, enhancing the understanding of dose distribution. Measured profiles were also compared with those calculated using Monaco treatment planning system. Findings showed that both penumbra width and peripheral dose values increased with energy across different field sizes and collimator angles. Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) analysis indicated deviations of 1.8 mm for penumbra and 1.1% for peripheral doses between measured profiles and Treatment Planning System (TPS) predictions for all field sizes. Peripheral doses remained below 5% of the maximum dose at distances ranging from 10 to 15 mm away from the field edges, indicating acceptable tolerance levels (ICRU report 24). However, further dose reduction may be possible with additional shielding to keep doses as low as reasonably achievable. This study highlights the critical importance of considering peripheral doses in radiotherapy, emphasizing the need to evaluate the impact on healthy tissues outside the primary treatment area to ensure patient safety and mitigate long-term treatment-related side effects. The findings underscore the necessity of implementing appropriate measures to minimize peripheral doses.

Elekta Versa HD直线加速器涂敷器外电子束的特性。
放射治疗是癌症治疗的重要组成部分,但健康组织可能暴露于场外剂量,可能造成不良影响和继发性癌症。本研究研究了Elekta Versa HD直线加速器中电子束施加器外的外围剂量。在保持源-表面距离100 cm的情况下,使用6,9和12 MeV光束在各自的最大剂量深度下测量电子施加器外的外围剂量。测量采用EBT3薄膜塑料水DT模型。在一个10 × 10 cm²的涂药器内,使用不同的切口(6 × 6 cm²、10 × 10 cm²和直径5 cm的圆),将门架和准直器的角度设置为0度,研究了视场大小对半影宽度和外围剂量的影响。此外,还探讨了准直器角度对半影宽度和周围剂量的影响,增强了对剂量分布的认识。实测剖面也与摩纳哥处理计划系统计算的剖面进行了比较。结果表明,在不同视场大小和准直角度下,半影宽度和周边剂量值随能量的增加而增加。均方根偏差(RMSD)分析表明,在所有场区大小中,测量剖面与治疗计划系统(TPS)预测之间的半影剂量偏差为1.8 mm,周围剂量偏差为1.1%。在距离田间边缘10至15毫米范围内,外围剂量保持在最大剂量的5%以下,表明可接受的容忍水平(ICRU报告24)。然而,通过额外的屏蔽,可以进一步降低剂量,使剂量保持在合理可行的最低水平。这项研究强调了在放疗中考虑外周剂量的重要性,强调有必要评估对主要治疗区域以外健康组织的影响,以确保患者安全并减轻长期治疗相关的副作用。研究结果强调了采取适当措施尽量减少外围剂量的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
8.40
自引率
4.50%
发文量
110
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