Soil CO2 and CH4 response to experimental warming under various tree species compositions in a temperate harwood forest.

Discover soil Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1007/s44378-025-00045-4
Sharlène Laberge, Blandine Courcot, Rolando Trejo-Pérez, Nicolas Bélanger
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Abstract

Under climate change, some forest ecosystems appear to be transitioning into net source of carbon dioxide (CO2), raising questions about the future role of soil respiration rate (Rs), which depends on hydroclimatic conditions. Conversely, well-drained forest soils could become more significant sinks of methane (CH4) under warming. The main objective of this study was to assess the effects of artificial soil warming on Rs and CH4 fluxes in a sugar maple forest at the northern limit of Quebec temperate deciduous forests in eastern Canada, and to evaluate the effect of species composition on soil response to warming. We measured Rs and CH4 fluxes during the snow-free period of 2021 and 2022 in 32 plots distributed across three forest types, half of which were artificially heated by approximately 2 °C with heating cables. Forest soils were a very consistent sink for CH4 and it did not respond to artificial soil warming nor was it sensitive to variations in soil moisture, ionic activity in soil solution and forest types. However, we observed an increase in Rs in response to warming in the heated plots, but only up to a threshold of about 15 °C, beyond which Rs started to slow down in respect to the control plots. We also observed a weakening of the exponential relationship between Rs and soil temperature beyond this threshold. This trend varied across the forest types, with hardwood-beech stands being more sensitive to warming than mixedwoods and other hardwoods. This greater response of hardwood-beech stands to warming resulted in a more significant downshift of Rs, starting from a colder temperature threshold, around 10-12 °C. This study highlights a potential plateauing of Rs despite rising soil temperature, at least in eastern Canada's temperate deciduous forest, but this trend could vary from one forest type to another.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s44378-025-00045-4.

温带阔叶林不同树种组成下土壤CO2和CH4对实验增温的响应
在气候变化条件下,一些森林生态系统似乎正在转变为二氧化碳(CO2)的净来源,这就对土壤呼吸速率(Rs)的未来作用提出了问题,土壤呼吸速率取决于水文气候条件。相反,在变暖的情况下,排水良好的森林土壤可能成为更重要的甲烷(CH4)汇。本研究的主要目的是评估人工增温对加拿大东部魁北克温带落叶林北界糖枫林Rs和CH4通量的影响,以及物种组成对土壤对增温响应的影响。我们测量了分布在三种森林类型中的32个样地在2021年和2022年无雪期的Rs和CH4通量,其中一半通过加热电缆人工加热约2°C。森林土壤是一个非常稳定的CH4汇,它对人工土壤增温没有响应,对土壤湿度、土壤溶液离子活性和森林类型的变化也不敏感。然而,我们观察到加热地块的Rs随着升温而增加,但仅达到约15°C的阈值,超过该阈值后Rs相对于对照地块开始放缓。我们还观察到Rs与土壤温度之间的指数关系在这个阈值之后减弱。这种趋势在不同的森林类型中有所不同,硬木-山毛榉林比混交林和其他硬木林对变暖更敏感。硬木山毛榉林分对变暖的更大响应导致Rs更显著的下降,从较冷的温度阈值开始,约为10-12°C。这项研究强调了尽管土壤温度上升,但Rs的潜在稳定,至少在加拿大东部的温带落叶森林中是这样,但这种趋势可能因森林类型而异。补充信息:在线版本包含补充资料,提供地址:10.1007/s44378-025-00045-4。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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