Three-dimensional effects of the wake on wind turbine sound propagation using parabolic equation

IF 4.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Journal of Sound and Vibration Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI:10.1016/j.jsv.2025.119036

Hemant Bommidala , Jules Colas , Ariane Emmanuelli , Didier Dragna , Codor Khodr , Benjamin Cotté , Richard J.A.M. Stevens

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The influence of three-dimensional (3D) wind turbine wake effects on sound propagation is investigated. To study this, numerical simulations are conducted using a 3D parabolic equation model at low frequencies, with comparisons made to a two-dimensional (2D) approach that neglects transverse horizontal propagation. Three atmospheric stability conditions are investigated using analytical wind profiles that incorporate the wake effects. The wind turbine noise source is specified using an aeroacoustic extended source model. 3D effects due to the wake are shown to be significant, especially for the stable atmosphere. Indeed, horizontal refraction induces focusing that a 2D approach fails at predicting. As the wind turbine blades are rotating, the focal zones are moving accordingly, yielding large variations of the sound levels. Downstream the turbine, amplitude modulation can locally reach values as high as 16.5 dB over long distances. In addition, higher average SPL are predicted by 3D simulations compared to 2D ones, with deviations up to 4.5 dB. For neutral and unstable conditions differences in 2D and 3D sound propagation approaches are smaller, as velocity gradients in the wind turbine wake are smaller.

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利用抛物方程研究尾迹对风力机声传播的三维影响

研究了风力机三维尾迹效应对声音传播的影响。为了研究这一点，在低频下使用3D抛物方程模型进行了数值模拟，并与忽略横向水平传播的二维方法进行了比较。利用考虑尾流效应的风廓线分析研究了三种大气稳定性条件。采用气动声源扩展模型确定了风力机噪声源。由于尾流造成的三维效应是显著的，特别是在稳定的大气中。事实上，水平折射引起的聚焦是二维方法无法预测的。当风力涡轮机叶片旋转时，焦点区域也随之移动，从而产生很大的声级变化。在涡轮机下游，调幅可以在长距离上局部达到高达16.5 dB的值。此外，与2D模拟相比，3D模拟预测的平均声压级更高，偏差高达4.5 dB。在中性和不稳定条件下，2D和3D声音传播方式的差异较小，因为风力机尾迹中的速度梯度较小。

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来源期刊

Journal of Sound and Vibration 工程技术-工程：机械

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

10.60%

发文量

551

审稿时长

69 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Sound and Vibration (JSV) is an independent journal devoted to the prompt publication of original papers, both theoretical and experimental, that provide new information on any aspect of sound or vibration. There is an emphasis on fundamental work that has potential for practical application. JSV was founded and operates on the premise that the subject of sound and vibration requires a journal that publishes papers of a high technical standard across the various subdisciplines, thus facilitating awareness of techniques and discoveries in one area that may be applicable in others.