Is it a Match? Yawn Contagion and Smile Mimicry in Toddlers.

IF 2.2 2区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Human Nature-An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1007/s12110-025-09488-8

Ivan Norscia, Marta Caselli, Chiara Scianna, Sara Morone, Martina Brescini, Giada Cordoni

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Automatic behavioral matching includes Rapid Facial Mimicry (RFM) and Yawn Contagion (YC) that occur when the facial expression of an individual acts as a 'mirror social releaser' and induces the same facial expression in the observer (within 1 s for RFM, and minutes for YC). Motor replication has been linked to coordination and emotional contagion, a basic form of empathy. We investigated the presence and modulating factors of Rapid Smile Mimicry (RSM) and YC in infants/toddlers from 10 to 36 months at the nursery 'Melis' (Turin, Italy). In February-May 2022, we gathered audio and/or video of all occurrences data on affiliative behaviors, smiling during play, and yawning during everyday activities. Both RSM and YC were present, as toddlers were most likely to smile (within 1 s) or yawn (within three-min) after perceiving a smile/yawn from another toddler. Sex, age, and parents' country of origin did not influence RSM and YC occurrence, probably because gonadal maturation was long to come, the age range was skewed towards the early developmental phase, and toddlers had been in the same social group for months. RSM and YC showed social modulation, thus possibly implying more than just motor resonance. Both phenomena were inversely related to affiliation levels (a social bond proxy). Because literature reports that in adults RSM and YC may increase with familiarity, our reversed result suggests that in certain toddler cohorts the same phenomena may help increase socio-emotional coordination and that the function of motoric resonance may be experience- and context-dependent.

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匹配吗？幼儿的哈欠传染和微笑模仿。

自动行为匹配包括快速面部模仿（RFM）和哈欠传染（YC），当一个人的面部表情作为“镜像社交释放器”并在观察者身上引起相同的面部表情时（RFM在15秒内，YC在几分钟内），就会发生这种情况。运动复制与协调和情绪感染有关，这是移情的一种基本形式。我们调查了意大利都灵Melis幼儿园10 - 36个月的婴幼儿快速微笑模仿（RSM）和YC的存在及其调节因素。在2022年2月至5月，我们收集了所有发生的音频和/或视频数据，包括附属行为、游戏中的微笑和日常活动中的打哈欠。RSM和YC都存在，因为幼儿在感知到另一个幼儿的微笑/打哈欠后，最有可能微笑（在15秒内）或打哈欠（在3分钟内）。性别、年龄和父母的原产国对RSM和YC的发生没有影响，可能是因为性腺成熟时间较长，年龄范围向早期发育阶段倾斜，幼儿在同一个社会群体中待了几个月。RSM和YC表现出社会调节，因此可能意味着不仅仅是运动共振。这两种现象都与隶属关系水平（一种社会关系代理）呈负相关。因为文献报道，在成人中，RSM和YC可能随着熟悉度的增加而增加，我们的相反结果表明，在某些幼儿群体中，同样的现象可能有助于增强社会情感协调，运动共振的功能可能依赖于经验和环境。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Human Nature-An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective Multiple-

CiteScore

3.70

自引率

8.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Human Nature is dedicated to advancing the interdisciplinary investigation of the biological, social, and environmental factors that underlie human behavior. It focuses primarily on the functional unity in which these factors are continuously and mutually interactive. These include the evolutionary, biological, and sociological processes as they interact with human social behavior; the biological and demographic consequences of human history; the cross-cultural, cross-species, and historical perspectives on human behavior; and the relevance of a biosocial perspective to scientific, social, and policy issues.