Overwinter survival of an estuarine resident fish (Fundulus heteroclitus) in North Carolina salt marsh creeks.

IF 1.7 3区 农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES
Paul Joseph Rudershausen, Matthew J O'Donnell
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Abstract

The mummichog Fundulus heteroclitus is a trophically important fish inhabiting Atlantic coastal salt marshes, with few in situ estimates of overwinter survival throughout the species range. We estimated overwinter apparent survival rates of F. heteroclitus at the approximate mid-latitudinal species range [coastal North Carolina (USA)] in four tidal creeks that experience variable winter water temperatures. To estimate apparent survival, we fitted a Cormack-Jolly-Seber model to daily mark-resight data autonomously obtained from fish marked with passive integrated transponder tags. Creek, year, mean daily water temperature, change in mean daily temperature, fish length and fish condition were considered for effects on the modelled parameters: apparent survival (Φ) (product of true survival and site fidelity) and detection probability (p). Modelling showed that water temperature and fish metrics were not related to Φ. Water temperature was directly related to p, indicating reduced fish activity and thus reduced detection probability or poor antenna detection performance at low temperatures. Creek was related to Φ and p, and the creek most open to its downstream estuary (lacking a culvert) had lower rates than the others. Greater loss (fish mortality plus emigration) in this one creek may more effectively transfer production of F. heteroclitus to larger waterbodies via emigration or predation. Conversely, lower Φ may reflect reduced detection efficiency. The results suggest that F. heteroclitus survival is insensitive to variable winter water temperatures typical of thermal dynamics in shallow estuaries in this region of its range. Median creek-specific overwinter Φ rates (range of median values, 2 × 10-8, 0.04) were roughly equal to previously published rates for these creeks during the growing season (April-October). At these latitudes and with increasingly moderate winters, the results indicate that natural mortality could arise equally or more so from predation during the growing season than mechanisms such as starvation, direct mortality, thermal morbidity and stress-related susceptibility to predation resulting from intermittently low water temperatures during the overwinter season.

北卡罗莱纳盐沼小溪中河口常住鱼的越冬生存。
泥鳅(Fundulus heteroclitus)是一种生活在大西洋沿岸盐沼的重要营养鱼,在整个物种范围内,很少有越冬生存的原位估计。我们估计了在中纬度物种范围内[美国北卡罗莱纳海岸],在四个经历不同冬季水温的潮汐溪中,F. heteroclitus的越冬表观存活率。为了估计表观存活率,我们将Cormack-Jolly-Seber模型拟合到每日标记-视觉数据中,这些数据自主地从标记有被动集成应答器标签的鱼类中获得。考虑了对建模参数的影响:表观存活率(Φ)(真实存活率和现场保真度的乘积)和检测概率(p)。建模显示水温和鱼类指标与Φ无关。水温与p直接相关,表明鱼类活动减少,因此在低温下探测概率降低或天线探测性能差。Creek与Φ和p有关,并且最开放的下游河口(没有涵洞)的溪流比其他溪流的速率低。在这一条小溪中,更大的损失(鱼类死亡加上洄游)可能更有效地通过洄游或捕食将异源梭菌的生产转移到更大的水体。反之,Φ值越低,则表示检测效率越低。结果表明,在其分布范围内的浅水河口冬季水温变化不敏感。越冬溪特有的中位数Φ发病率(中位数范围为2 × 10- 8,0.04)大致等于以前公布的这些溪在生长季节(4 - 10月)的发病率。研究结果表明,在这些纬度地区,随着冬季气温的日益温和,生长季节捕食导致的自然死亡率可能与饥饿、直接死亡、热发病和越冬期间间歇性低水温导致的对捕食的应激相关易感性等机制相同或更高。
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来源期刊
Journal of fish biology
Journal of fish biology 生物-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
4.00
自引率
10.00%
发文量
292
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of Fish Biology is a leading international journal for scientists engaged in all aspects of fishes and fisheries research, both fresh water and marine. The journal publishes high-quality papers relevant to the central theme of fish biology and aims to bring together under one cover an overall picture of the research in progress and to provide international communication among researchers in many disciplines with a common interest in the biology of fish.
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