GDF15 promotes the resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer cells to gemcitabine via DHCR24-mediated cholesterol metabolism to elevate ABCB1 and ABCC1 levels in lipid rafts.

IF 3.6 3区 医学 Q2 ONCOLOGY
American journal of cancer research Pub Date : 2025-02-15 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.62347/KYIY8286
Linlin Guo, Yan He, Huang Xin
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is upregulated in most cases of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC); however, its functions in EOC are not fully understood. In this study, we knocked down GDF15 in EOC cells before performing high-throughput sequencing to identify genes regulated by GDF15. GDF15 was overexpressed to determine its effect on the viability, migration, and response of EOC cells to gemcitabine, carboplatin, and paclitaxel. Reprogramming of glucose and cholesterol metabolism in EOC cells was evaluated based on oxygen consumption, lactic acid production, complex I activity, and free and esterified cholesterol levels. The activities of ATP-binding cassette (ABC)B1 and ABCC1 were assessed based on the expulsion efficiency of rhodamine 12. GDF15 overexpression promoted cell viability, migration, and resistance to gemcitabine. In addition, GDF15 induced glycolysis and increased cholesterol levels in EOC cells. Cholesterol metabolism regulated by GDF15 contributed to the resistance of EOC cells to gemcitabine by elevating ABCB1 and ABCC1 levels in lipid rafts. DHCR24 plays an important role in cholesterol synthesis. DHCR24 was identified as a downstream effector of GDF15, because knockdown of DHCR24, but not treatment with statins, suppressed the cancer-promoting effect of GDF15. Overall, GDF15 promoted the resistance of EOC cells to gemcitabine via DHCR24-mediated cholesterol metabolism to elevate ABCB1 and ABCC1 levels in lipid rafts. Therefore, GDF15 and DHCR24 are potential therapeutic targets for suppressing the growth of EOC cells and improving their sensitivity to gemcitabine.

GDF15通过dhcr24介导的胆固醇代谢,提高脂筏中ABCB1和ABCC1水平,促进上皮性卵巢癌细胞对吉西他滨的耐药性。
生长分化因子15 (GDF15)在大多数上皮性卵巢癌(EOC)中上调;然而,其在EOC中的作用尚未完全了解。在本研究中,我们先在EOC细胞中敲低GDF15,然后进行高通量测序以鉴定受GDF15调控的基因。GDF15过表达,以确定其对EOC细胞对吉西他滨、卡铂和紫杉醇的活力、迁移和反应的影响。根据氧消耗、乳酸生成、复合体I活性、游离胆固醇和酯化胆固醇水平,评估EOC细胞中葡萄糖和胆固醇代谢的重编程。以罗丹明12的排出效率评价atp结合盒(ABC)B1和ABCC1的活性。GDF15过表达促进了细胞活力、迁移和对吉西他滨的耐药性。此外,GDF15诱导EOC细胞糖酵解和胆固醇水平升高。GDF15调节的胆固醇代谢通过提高脂筏中ABCB1和ABCC1水平促进EOC细胞对吉西他滨的抗性。DHCR24在胆固醇合成中起重要作用。DHCR24被认为是GDF15的下游效应物,因为DHCR24的下调而不是他汀类药物的治疗抑制了GDF15的促癌作用。总体而言,GDF15通过dhcr24介导的胆固醇代谢,提高脂筏中ABCB1和ABCC1水平,促进EOC细胞对吉西他滨的耐药性。因此,GDF15和DHCR24是抑制EOC细胞生长和提高其对吉西他滨敏感性的潜在治疗靶点。
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来源期刊
自引率
3.80%
发文量
263
期刊介绍: The American Journal of Cancer Research (AJCR) (ISSN 2156-6976), is an independent open access, online only journal to facilitate rapid dissemination of novel discoveries in basic science and treatment of cancer. It was founded by a group of scientists for cancer research and clinical academic oncologists from around the world, who are devoted to the promotion and advancement of our understanding of the cancer and its treatment. The scope of AJCR is intended to encompass that of multi-disciplinary researchers from any scientific discipline where the primary focus of the research is to increase and integrate knowledge about etiology and molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis with the ultimate aim of advancing the cure and prevention of this increasingly devastating disease. To achieve these aims AJCR will publish review articles, original articles and new techniques in cancer research and therapy. It will also publish hypothesis, case reports and letter to the editor. Unlike most other open access online journals, AJCR will keep most of the traditional features of paper print that we are all familiar with, such as continuous volume, issue numbers, as well as continuous page numbers to retain our comfortable familiarity towards an academic journal.
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