The interactions between melatonin and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in vascular attenuation in diabetic and non-diabetic conditions.

IF 3.1 3区医学 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Acta Diabetologica Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1007/s00592-025-02479-2

Nazar M Shareef Mahmood, Almas M R Mahmud, Ismail M Maulood

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The hormone melatonin (MEL), primarily acknowledged for its role in regulating circadian rhythms, has demonstrated itself to be a complicated molecule with significant implications for vascular physiology. Melatonin exerts extensive physiological effects directly via the MEL receptor type 1 (MT₁R) and the MEL receptor type 2 (MT₂R), as well as indirectly through the improvement of antioxidant vascular tone.

Objective: This review aims to analyse the intricate relationships between MEL and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the vascular attenuation of non-diabetic (non-DM) and diabetic (DM) contexts. Alterations in the expression of RAS components and their dysregulation are prevalent in diabetes. Melatonin exhibits vasoprotective advantages in non-diabetic conditions. In the context of DM, vascular problrms such as vascular endothelial dysfunction (VED), hypertension, and atherosclerosis result from the dysregulation of MEL-RAS interactions. Comprehending the actions of MEL on RAS components in diabetes vasculature is essential for formulating tailored pharmaceutical therapy methods.

Conclusion: This review consolidates existing knowledge regarding the vascular effects of MEL in relation to RAS activation, emphasising its potential role as a modulating factor for angiotensin 1-8 (Ang 1-8), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE₂), and angiotensin 1-7 (Ang 1-7) in the management of vascular complications associated with DM.

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褪黑激素与肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）在糖尿病和非糖尿病患者血管衰减中的相互作用。

背景：褪黑激素（MEL）主要被认为在调节昼夜节律中起作用，已被证明是一个复杂的分子，在血管生理学中具有重要意义。褪黑素通过MEL受体1型（MT1R）和MEL受体2型（MT2R）直接发挥广泛的生理作用，并通过改善抗氧化血管张力间接发挥作用。目的：本文旨在分析MEL与肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）在非糖尿病（non-DM）和糖尿病（DM）患者血管衰减中的复杂关系。RAS成分表达的改变及其失调在糖尿病中很普遍。褪黑素对非糖尿病患者有血管保护作用。在糖尿病的背景下，血管问题，如血管内皮功能障碍（VED）、高血压和动脉粥样硬化是由MEL-RAS相互作用失调引起的。了解MEL对糖尿病血管中RAS成分的作用对于制定量身定制的药物治疗方法至关重要。结论：本综述巩固了关于MEL与RAS激活相关的血管作用的现有知识，强调了其作为血管紧张素1-8 （Ang 1-8）、血管紧张素转换酶2 （ACE2）和血管紧张素1-7 （Ang 1-7）的调节因子在糖尿病相关血管并发症管理中的潜在作用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Diabetologica 医学-内分泌学与代谢

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

2.60%

发文量

180

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Acta Diabetologica is a journal that publishes reports of experimental and clinical research on diabetes mellitus and related metabolic diseases. Original contributions on biochemical, physiological, pathophysiological and clinical aspects of research on diabetes and metabolic diseases are welcome. Reports are published in the form of original articles, short communications and letters to the editor. Invited reviews and editorials are also published. A Methodology forum, which publishes contributions on methodological aspects of diabetes in vivo and in vitro, is also available. The Editor-in-chief will be pleased to consider articles describing new techniques (e.g., new transplantation methods, metabolic models), of innovative importance in the field of diabetes/metabolism. Finally, workshop reports are also welcome in Acta Diabetologica.