Recent Progress on Local Field Manipulations of Graphene Photodetectors

Abstract

Graphene, with exceptional carrier mobility and broad-spectrum light absorption, provides a new platform for photodetection applications, thereby driving the development of next-generation photodetectors. However, graphene photodetectors suffer from challenges such as low responsivity and high noise. Due to its strong interaction with light and low density of states, the optoelectronic properties of graphene can be easily manipulated by local fields. Manipulation of local fields in graphene photodetectors is a promising strategy to improve detection performance and expand functionality. In this review, the manipulations of local optical fields are introduced, which include the combination of graphene with local photonic structures and the fabrication of graphene nanostructures. Then, the manipulations of local electric field, specifically through the control of the electrostatic field and the built-in electric field, are discussed. Moreover, the functional graphene optoelectronic devices are introduced, categorized into polarization-sensitive photodetectors, spectral detectors, bionic devices, and logic devices. Last, challenges and future perspectives are summarized to drive further research and development of graphene photodetectors for advanced optoelectronic applications.