Research on the low-carbon transformation of energy consumption under population aging in China

Rumei Liu , Lu Tang , Qingrui Liu , Jianing Zhang
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Abstract

The low-carbon transformation of energy consumption is a key path to achieving the carbon emissions peak and carbon neutrality in China. Furthermore, technological innovation and policy regulation are necessary to promote low-carbon transformation of energy consumption, especially considering the issues associated with population aging. According to empirical facts and theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that population aging, technological innovation, and policy regulation affect the low-carbon transformation of energy consumption. Then, we build a PVAR model and conduct an empirical test using provincial panel data in China from 2003 to 2020. The results show that population aging, technological innovation, and policy regulation all contribute to the low-carbon index of energy consumption, and the interaction among the three forms a transmission mechanism to promote the low-carbon transformation of energy use in terms of both the production and consumption. The positive effect of population aging on the low-carbon index of energy consumption exhibits an inverted U-shaped curve that gradually increases at first and then gradually decreases. The positive effect of policy regulations on the low-carbon index of energy consumption follows an L-shaped curve, and the positive effect of technological innovation on the low-carbon index of energy consumption shows a constantly increasing trend. From the perspective of impact intensity, compared with population aging and policy regulation, technological innovation has a higher impact on the low-carbon index of energy consumption. With the rise in population aging, the effects of technological innovation, policy regulation, and technological innovation-policy regulation on the low-carbon index of energy consumption are ranked from low to high intensity. From the perspective of regional heterogeneity, compared with the middle and western regions, the positive effect of technological innovation and policy regulation on the low-carbon index of energy consumption under population aging in the eastern region is more significant. Our findings reveal the value of technological innovation and policy regulation in promoting low-carbon transformation of energy consumption while population aging is increasing in all countries around the world.
人口老龄化背景下中国能源消费低碳转型研究
能源消费的低碳转型是中国实现碳排放峰值和碳中和的关键途径。此外,促进能源消费的低碳转型需要技术创新和政策调控,特别是考虑到人口老龄化的相关问题。本文通过实证和理论分析,论证了人口老龄化、技术创新和政策调控对能源消费低碳转型的影响。然后,利用2003 - 2020年中国各省面板数据构建PVAR模型并进行实证检验。结果表明,人口老龄化、技术创新和政策调控都对能源消费低碳指数有贡献,三者相互作用形成了一种传导机制,在生产和消费两方面都促进了能源利用方式的低碳转型。人口老龄化对能源消费低碳指数的正向影响呈先逐渐增大后逐渐减小的倒u型曲线。政策规制对能源消费低碳指数的正向效应呈l型曲线,技术创新对能源消费低碳指数的正向效应呈不断增强的趋势。从影响强度来看,与人口老龄化和政策调控相比,技术创新对能耗低碳指标的影响更大。随着人口老龄化的加剧,技术创新、政策调控、技术创新-政策调控对能源消费低碳指数的影响强度由低到高。从区域异质性来看,与中西部地区相比,东部地区技术创新和政策调控对人口老龄化下能源消费低碳指数的正向作用更为显著。我们的研究结果揭示了在世界各国人口老龄化加剧的背景下,技术创新和政策调控在促进能源消费低碳转型中的价值。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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