Extracellular Z-DNA Enhances Cariogenicity of Biofilm.

S L Han, J Wang, H S Wang, P Yu, L Y Wang, Y L Ou, L J Ding, J Washio, N Takahashi, L L Zhang
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Abstract

Extracellular DNA (eDNA) is one of the core components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in biofilms and provides attachment sites for microbes and other ECM components. However, little is known about the functions and underlying mechanisms of eDNA in the cariogenicity of dental plaque biofilms. A recent study demonstrated that conformational diversity of eDNA exists in biofilms, and the transition of eDNA from right-handed (B-DNA) to left-handed (Z-DNA) is associated with the structural stability and pathogenicity of biofilms. Caries-related biofilm is a complex multispecies microenvironment. The presence and biological function of the conformational transition of eDNA within this biofilm have not been previously reported. In this study, we found that extracellular Z-DNA is widely present in carious tissues and cariogenic biofilm, especially Streptococcus mutans, indicating its possible role in the occurrence and activity of dental caries. The content of extracellular Z-DNA showed species heterogeneity. The modulation of Z-DNA formation affected the level of extracellular polysaccharide. Increased formation of Z-DNA substantially strengthened the cariogenicity of the biofilm by increasing DNase resistance, structural density, and acid production. These insights provide a new perspective to understand the underlying function of the conformation transition of eDNA in promoting carious lesions, as well as a possible anti-biofilm strategy targeting extracellular Z-DNA.

胞外Z-DNA增强生物膜的致龋性。
细胞外DNA (Extracellular DNA, eDNA)是生物膜细胞外基质(Extracellular matrix, ECM)的核心成分之一,为微生物和其他ECM成分提供附着位点。然而,eDNA在牙菌斑生物膜致龋性中的作用和潜在机制尚不清楚。最近的一项研究表明,eDNA在生物膜中存在构象多样性,eDNA从右手性(B-DNA)向左手性(Z-DNA)的转变与生物膜的结构稳定性和致病性有关。龋相关生物膜是一个复杂的多物种微环境。eDNA在该生物膜内构象转变的存在及其生物学功能此前未见报道。在本研究中,我们发现胞外Z-DNA广泛存在于龋组织和致龋生物膜中,尤其是变形链球菌,提示其可能在龋的发生和活动中发挥作用。胞外Z-DNA含量呈种间异质性。Z-DNA形成的调节影响胞外多糖的水平。增加Z-DNA的形成,通过增加dna酶抗性、结构密度和产酸量,大大增强了生物膜的龋齿性。这些见解为理解eDNA构象转变在促进龋齿病变中的潜在功能,以及针对细胞外Z-DNA的可能的抗生物膜策略提供了新的视角。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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