A Program for Reinforcing Lifestyle Change Motivation and Lifestyle Behavior to Prevent Dementia in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Applying the Health Belief Model.

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the applicability of a dementia prevention lifestyle change program based on the Health Belief Model in the community. A total of 9 participants were included in this study. The participants completed a 10-session program using the KEEP strategy. Assessments, qualitative interviews, and a 4-week follow-up were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. Lifestyle change motivation significantly improved, particularly perceived benefits (P = .018) and self-efficacy (P = .034). Lifestyle behaviors also significantly improved, including cognitive, social, and health-promoting activities (P = .016, 0.011, and 0.027, respectively). Multifaceted lifestyles showed significant improvements in physical activity and activity participation (P = .008 and 0.011, respectively). Depression significantly decreased (P = .018). The postintervention interviews revealed high participant satisfaction and positive changes in dementia prevention motivation and behaviors. The 4-week follow-up showed that most participants successfully implemented the plans. The dementia prevention lifestyle change program based on the Health Belief Model is effective and applicable in the community, demonstrating significant improvements in various health-related aspects.