Microbial Contamination of Eye Drops: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

IF 1.7 3区医学 Q3 HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES

Journal of Patient Safety Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI:10.1097/PTS.0000000000001334

Samuel Kyei, Randy Asiamah, Sandra Owusu, Nyaradzo Ellen Masango

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objectives: To profile the array of microbial contaminants of eye drops, both native and non-native to the ocular surface, and associated factors for contamination.

Methods: Potentially relevant studies were retrieved from major bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science). Data were extracted, and study-specific estimates of the contamination rates of topical ophthalmic solutions were combined using meta-analysis to obtain pooled results.

Results: A total of 33 studies that evaluated the microbial contamination rate in 4600 samples were included in this study. The microbial contamination rate of in-use ophthalmic medications is 10% (95% CI: 6%-17%; PI: 0%-78%, I2=95.1%). The contamination rate among diagnostic eye drops is 13% (95% CI: 3%-42%; PI: 0%-98%, I2=95.6%), and the contamination rate among therapeutic eye drops is 10% (95% CI: 6%-17%; PI: 1%-63%, I2=94.9%). Staphylococcus spp. were the most prevalent gram-positive bacterial contaminants [3.55% (95% CI: 1.52%-8.04%; PI: 0.08%-63.46%), I2=93.2%], Escherichia coli, the most prevalent gram-negative contaminants [1.02% (95% CI: 0.50%-2.05%; PI: 0.16 to 6.04%), I2=24.8%], and Aspergillus spp., the most prevalent fungal contaminants [0.88% (95% CI: 0.31%-2.51%; PI: 0.03%-22.05%), I2=89.9%].

Conclusion: There is a high rate of microbial contamination in topical ophthalmic solutions, which has implications for patient safety and the effort to stem avoidable blindness. Similar to injectable medications, we recommend using single-use vials for topical ophthalmic solutions, as opposed to multi-use vials, which are stored for a protracted period of time and used on multiple patients.

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滴眼液的微生物污染：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

目的：分析滴眼液的微生物污染物，包括眼表的原生和非原生污染物，以及污染的相关因素。方法：从主要书目数据库（PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science）中检索可能相关的研究。提取数据，并使用荟萃分析将研究特定的眼用溶液污染率估计值结合起来，以获得汇总结果。结果：本研究共纳入33项研究，评估了4600份样品的微生物污染率。在用眼科药物微生物污染率为10% (95% CI: 6%-17%；Pi: 0% ~ 78%, i2 =95.1%)。诊断性滴眼液的污染率为13% (95% CI: 3%-42%；PI: 0% ~ 98%, I2=95.6%)，治疗性滴眼液的污染率为10% (95% CI: 6% ~ 17%；Pi = 1% ~ 63%, i2 =94.9%)。葡萄球菌是最常见的革兰氏阳性细菌污染物[3.55% (95% CI: 1.52% ~ 8.04%；PI: 0.08% ~ 63.46%), I2=93.2%]，大肠杆菌，最常见的革兰氏阴性污染物[1.02%](95% CI: 0.50% ~ 2.05%；PI: 0.16 ~ 6.04%), I2=24.8%]，最常见的真菌污染物曲霉（Aspergillus spp.） [0.88% (95% CI: 0.31% ~ 2.51%；Pi: 0.03% ~ 22.05%), i2 =89.9%]。结论：外用眼液的微生物污染率很高，这对患者安全和防止可避免失明的努力有影响。与注射药物类似，我们建议使用一次性小瓶的眼药水，而不是多用途小瓶，因为多用途小瓶要储存很长一段时间并用于多名患者。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Patient Safety HEALTH CARE SCIENCES & SERVICES-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

13.60%

发文量

302

期刊介绍： Journal of Patient Safety (ISSN 1549-8417; online ISSN 1549-8425) is dedicated to presenting research advances and field applications in every area of patient safety. While Journal of Patient Safety has a research emphasis, it also publishes articles describing near-miss opportunities, system modifications that are barriers to error, and the impact of regulatory changes on healthcare delivery. This mix of research and real-world findings makes Journal of Patient Safety a valuable resource across the breadth of health professions and from bench to bedside.