Melanie Mueller, Leonhard Egg, Tobias Ruff, Andreas Haas, Michael Schubert, Bernhard Gum
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Rainbow trout have been translocated from North America worldwide for more than 150 years, but have not reproduced in the wild in Europe in the last 100 years. In recent decades, several examples of successful reproduction have become public. This study reports scientific evidence of natural reproduction of North American rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in three alpine rivers in Bavaria, Germany. Eggs collected from spawning redds were determined to be rainbow trout in all study rivers. In the river Leitzach, where spawning was exclusively observed in spring, electrofishing revealed a balanced length-frequency distribution with a high abundance of rainbow trout and a high proportion of individuals < 10 cm. In the rivers Isar and Traun, spawning was observed in winter and supposedly also in spring, according to local reports. Rainbow trout < 10 cm were also observed in these two rivers during electrofishing surveys but were less abundant than in the river Leitzach. Genetic factors and river-specific environmental and climatic conditions may have contributed to the success or failure of rainbow trout reproduction. Effects of rainbow trout on native fish vary widely, from severe negative impacts to minimal niche overlap, so further studies of genetic and environmental factors that determine rainbow trout naturalisation are needed to better inform fisheries management.
期刊介绍:
Fisheries Management and Ecology is a journal with an international perspective. It presents papers that cover all aspects of the management, ecology and conservation of inland, estuarine and coastal fisheries.
The Journal aims to:
foster an understanding of the maintenance, development and management of the conditions under which fish populations and communities thrive, and how they and their habitat can be conserved and enhanced;
promote a thorough understanding of the dual nature of fisheries as valuable resources exploited for food, recreational and commercial purposes and as pivotal indicators of aquatic habitat quality and conservation status;
help fisheries managers focus upon policy, management, operational, conservation and ecological issues;
assist fisheries ecologists become more aware of the needs of managers for information, techniques, tools and concepts;
integrate ecological studies with all aspects of management;
ensure that the conservation of fisheries and their environments is a recurring theme in fisheries and aquatic management.