The Influence of the Clinical, Therapeutic and Socio-Personal Profile on the Quality of Life of Patients With Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Abstract

Introduction: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome is characterized by presenting different pathologies with different degrees of tumor aggressiveness, which can greatly affect the quality of life of affected patients.

Objectives: To determine the quality of life of MEN1 patients and to analyze the influence of socio-personal, clinical, and therapeutic variables.

Methods: A study was conducted on MEN1 patients in a tertiary hospital [2018-2020]. The 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) scores were compared with those of a control group (CG) of a healthy population.

Statistical analysis: Student's t-test/ANOVA test or the Mann-Whitney U test/Kruskal-Wallis H test. A multivariate analysis was applied to assess the SP, clinical, and therapeutic variables affecting the quality of life.

Results: The quality of life scores of 101 MEN 1 patients, who presented lower levels of quality of life in various dimensions compared to the control group, (p < 0.05) were analyzed. Patients with pancreatic pathology showed a worsening in most dimensions of the SF-36 questionnaire (p < 0.05). In addition, pancreatic surgery influenced 3/9 dimensions and the mental component score (MCS) (p < 0.05). In the multivariate analysis, occupational status and pancreatic surgery were the variables most related to the quality of life of patients with MEN1 (p < 0.05) in addition to the existence of a carcinoid tumor, which influenced the physical component score (PCS) (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: MEN1 patients have a worse quality of life than the general population. Of the socio-personal variables analyzed, the best predictor is being unemployed. Pancreatic and carcinoid pathology affected quality of life. Pancreatic surgery fundamentally influences the mental component score, whereas total pancreatectomy influences the physical component score.