Morphological features of the dermis collagen fibers and regenerate filling the experimental skin wound cavity during its closure in different ways.

Abstract

Objective: Aim: The purpose was to determine the morphological features of collagen fibers of the dermis and regenerate filling the cavity of the experimental skin wound during its closure by different methods..

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The experimental study was conducted on 60 rats of the WAG population weighing 250-300 grams. Five groups were formed (12 rats in each group). Rats of groups 1-4 underwent a 1.5 cm long skin incision on the lateral surface of the neck. The formed defect in rats of group 1 was sutured with an interrupted suture, in group 2 it was sutured with an intradermal suture, in group 3 it was closed with skin glue based on 2-octyl cyanoacrylate, in group 4 it was welded with an electrocoagulator PATONMED EKVZ-300 (Ukraine). Group 5 included intact rats that did not undergo any manipulations. On the 7th and 14th day, 6 animals were removed from the experiment in groups 1-4. In group 5, all animals were removed from the experiment on the 7th day. The material for morphological study was a skin sample from the lateral surface of the neck. Histological, histochemical, morphometric and statistical research methods were used.

Results: Results: In survey microscopy, collagen fibers located in the regenerate and surrounding dermis, in cases of experimental wound closure with nodal or intradermal sutures, had different directions of location, mostly looked thickened, and were interconnected, which led to the disappearance of intercellular spaces. In cases of wound closure with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate-based skin glue or by welding with the PATONMED EKVZ-300 electrocoagulator, collagen fibers looked mostly thinned, chaotically arranged in a dense intertwining network. The density of collagen fibers in the regenerate and the surrounding dermis did not differ depending on the different methods of wound closure. The collagen content in the collagen fibers of the regenerate increased on day 14 compared to day 7 for all methods of experimental wound closure. In cases of wound closure using a nodal or intradermal suture, the collagen content was higher compared to cases when the wound was closed with 2-octyl cyanoacrylate-based skin glue or by welding with the PATONMED EKVZ-300 electrocoagulator. In the collagen fibers of the dermis surrounding the wound, the collagen content was higher in cases of wound closure with a nodal or intradermal suture. In cases of wound closure using 2-octyl cyanoacrylate-based skin glue or by welding with the PATONMED EKVZ-300 electrocoagulator, the collagen content in the dermis surrounding the regenerated tissue corresponded to the control value.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Closing the surgical wound with a nodular or intradermal suture is likely to lead to the formation of skin scars in the future. In cases of wound closure using 2-octyl cyanoacrylate-based skin glue or by welding with the PATONMED EKVZ-300 electrocoagulator, all conditions for the manifestation of organotypic skin regeneration are formed.