Cosmic slowing down of acceleration with the Chaplygin–Jacobi gas as a dark fluid?

Abstract

A particular generalization of the Chaplygin inflationary model, using the formalism of Hamilton–Jacobi and elliptic functions, results in a more general non-linear Chaplygin-type equation of state (Chaplygin–Jacobi model). We investigate the implementation of this model as a dark energy (DE) fluid to explain the recent acceleration of the universe. Unlike \(\Lambda \)CDM and other Chaplygin-like fluids, where the final fate of the universe is an eternal de Sitter (dS) phase, the dynamics of this model allows for the possibility of a decelerating phase in the future, following the current accelerating phase. In other words, a transient acceleration arises, accounting for the recently claimed slowing down phenomenon. This Chaplygin–Jacobi model shows important differences compared to the standard and generalized Chaplygin gas models. Additionally, we perform a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis using several datasets, including type Ia supernovae (SNIa), cosmic chronometers (CC), fast radio bursts (FRBs), and Baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) to examine the observational viability of the model. Our results indicate that, although a transient phase of accelerated expansion is supported by current observations in the context of the Chaplygin–Jacobi model, this model is strongly disfavored in comparison with \(\Lambda \)CDM.