Time Trends and Socioeconomic Inequalities in Parental Physical Aggression and Adolescent Physical Fighting: Three Brazilian Birth Cohort Studies Over Twenty Years, 2000–2020

IF 5.5 2区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Journal of Adolescent Health Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2025.01.019

Vanessa Iribarrem Avena Miranda Ph.D. , Carolina V.N. Coll Ph.D. , Alicia Matijasevich Ph.D. , Ina S. Santos Ph.D. , Helen Gonçalves Ph.D. , Aluisio J.D. Barros Ph.D. , Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues Ph.D. , Joseph Murray Ph.D.

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

Violence prevention requires robust data on trends in different forms of violence and measures of progress toward reduction across subgroups of the population. This study aimed to investigate trends and related socioeconomic inequalities in parental physical aggression and involvement in physical fights among adolescents.

Methods

Three population-based birth cohorts were conducted, including all births in the calendar years 1982, 1993, and 2004 in Pelotas city, Southern Brazil, with over 4,200 births in each cohort. Confidential self-report questionnaires were used to measure parental physical aggression (ages 11 and 15 years) and involvement in physical fights (ages 11, 15, and 18). The prevalence of violence outcomes was estimated, stratifying by sex and family income group for each cohort, and income-related inequalities were assessed through time.

Results

There were significant reductions in parental physical aggression between cohorts, at ages 11 (prevalence ratio (PR): 0.83) and 15 years (PR: 0.70), and there was some evidence of reductions in income-related inequality regarding harsh parenting, mainly for boys. Considering physical fighting, there was a small increase through time for boys at age 11 (PR: 1.22), but no change for either sex at age 15, and declines for girls at age 18 years (PR: 0.50). There were income inequalities in physical fighting for girls at ages 11 and 15 (with a higher prevalence among the poorest adolescent girls in comparison to the richest), which persisted through time. However, income inequality in fighting among girls at age 18 reduced through time. There was little income inequality in fighting among boys at any age in any cohort.

Discussion

Encouraging declines in parental physical aggression have occurred over the past 2 decades in this population of adolescents, but there is less clear evidence of changes in physical fights. Continued monitoring is vital to inform violence prevention policies.

查看原文本刊更多论文

父母身体攻击和青少年身体打架的时间趋势和社会经济不平等：三个巴西出生队列研究超过20年，2000-2020。

目的：预防暴力需要关于不同形式暴力趋势的可靠数据，以及在人口亚群体中减少暴力的进展措施。本研究旨在探讨青少年父母身体攻击和参与身体打架的趋势和相关的社会经济不平等。方法：在巴西南部佩洛塔斯市进行了三个以人口为基础的出生队列，包括1982年、1993年和2004年的所有出生，每个队列的出生人数超过4200人。保密的自我报告问卷用于测量父母的身体攻击（11岁和15岁）和参与身体打架（11岁，15岁和18岁）。估计暴力结果的流行程度，按性别和家庭收入群体对每个队列进行分层，并随时间评估与收入相关的不平等。结果：在11岁（患病率比：0.83）和15岁（患病率比：0.70）年龄组中，父母的身体攻击显著减少，并且有一些证据表明，在严厉父母方面，与收入相关的不平等有所减少，主要是男孩。考虑到肢体冲突，男孩在11岁时有小幅增加（PR: 1.22），但在15岁时男女都没有变化，女孩在18岁时下降（PR: 0.50）。11岁和15岁的女孩在打架方面存在收入不平等（与最富有的女孩相比，最贫穷的青春期女孩的患病率更高），这种情况一直存在。然而，随着时间的推移，18岁女孩在战斗中的收入不平等有所减少。在任何年龄段的男孩中，几乎没有收入不平等。讨论：在过去的20年里，在青少年群体中，父母身体攻击的减少令人鼓舞，但没有明确的证据表明身体打架的变化。持续监测对于为预防暴力政策提供信息至关重要。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Adolescent Health 医学-公共卫生、环境卫生与职业卫生

CiteScore

10.40

自引率

3.90%

发文量

526

审稿时长

46 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Adolescent Health is a scientific publication dedicated to enhancing the health and well-being of adolescents and young adults. Our Journal covers a broad range of research topics, spanning from the basic biological and behavioral sciences to public health and policy. We welcome a variety of contributions, including original research papers, concise reports, literature reviews, clinical case reports, opinion pieces, and letters to the editor. We encourage professionals from diverse disciplines such as Anthropology, Education, Ethics, Global Health, Health Services Research, Law, Medicine, Mental and Behavioral Health, Nursing, Nutrition, Psychology, Public Health and Policy, Social Work, Sociology, and Youth Development to share their expertise and contribute to our mission of promoting adolescent health. Moreover, we value the voices of young individuals, family and community members, and healthcare professionals, and encourage them to submit poetry, personal narratives, images, and other creative works that provide unique insights into the experiences of adolescents and young adults. By combining scientific peer-reviewed research with creative expressions, our Journal aims to create a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and opportunities in adolescent and young adult health.