Greybody factor and accretion disk around regular black holes in Verlinde emergent gravity

Abstract

Verlinde's emergent gravity (VEG) posits that gravity is not a fundamental force but an emergent phenomenon arising from the entropic nature of spacetime. Building on this concept, recent research has introduced a novel class of black holes within the VEG framework, linking the effects of apparent dark matter to baryonic matter distributions. In this study, we investigate the greybody factors and accretion disk properties around a Simpson–Visser Minkowski core black hole solution in VEG. We derive the effective potential and rigorous bounds for this black hole model, showing that various model parameters significantly influence both the effective potential and greybody factor bounds. Notably, increasing parameters associated with emergent gravity heightens the peak of the effective potential while reducing greybody factor bounds, offering insights into how VEG modifies black hole radiation. Through detailed density plots, we highlight potential observational signatures that could distinguish black holes governed by emergent gravity from those predicted by traditional theories. Using the established Novikov-Thorne model, we explore thin accretion disks around this unique black hole solution, uncovering a strong correlation between disk dynamics and VEG parameters. Our results indicate that VEG induces vertical stretching and outward expansion in the accretion disk structure. We present a comprehensive analysis of the accretion disk by examining both direct and secondary images at varying radial distances and observational angles, offering new perspectives on how emergent gravity influences observable black hole environments.