Antioxidative and ameliorative properties of probiotic-enriched fermented and unfermented turmeric-camel milk in streptozotocin-induced diabetes and oxidative stress in rats.

Abstract

Objectives: Probiotic-enriched fermented turmeric-camel milk (FTCM) and unfermented (TCM) were examined on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetes and oxidative stress in rats.

Methods: High phenolics and antioxidant activity were found in TCM and FTCM. FTCM and TCM at 10 or 20 mL/kg were investigated for antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects in an animal model. The positive group diabetic rats (DR) received 45 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally; G3 DR (DR+Met) received 50 mg metformin kg^-1. G4 (DR+TCM10), G5 (DR+TCM20), G6 (DR+FTCM10), and G7 (DR+FTCM20) received 10 or 20 mL/kg from either TCM or FTCM orally daily, respectively. Blood glucose, liver and kidney functions, antioxidant biomarkers, and histopathology were investigated.

Results: TCM and FTCM had strong phenolics and antioxidant potential. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis quantified ten phenolic acids and four flavonoids, with ferulic acid and resveratrol dominating. TCM and FTCM dramatically decreased random blood glucose and fasting blood glucose. The hypolipidemic effects of TCM and FTCM were more significant at 20 mL/kg than at 10 mL/kg, with substantial reductions in triglycerides, total cholesterol, high- and low-density lipoproteins cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoproteins cholesterol. TCM and FTCM at 20 mL/kg improved liver and kidney functions more than metformin or 10 mL/kg. FTCM and TCM dose-dependently increased antioxidant enzyme activity, glutathione, catalase, and superoxide dismutase, and decreased malondialdehyde. Histopathologically, TCM and FTCM showed typical Langerhans cell and acini structure, outperforming metformin.

Conclusion: TCM and FTCM may help profitably manage diabetes complications and oxidative stress.