{"title":"Mismatch repair deficiency testing for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in genitourinary malignancies.","authors":"Leonid M Yermakov, Regina Kwon, Eric Q Konnick","doi":"10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins maintain genomic stability, and their deficiency (dMMR) results in hypermutability and microsatellite instability. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab for use in any dMMR cancer but did not provide guidance regarding dMMR detection. This review examines laboratory methods (immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing) for dMMR detection, emphasizing their sensitivity, specificity, and limitations. Using the current literature, we outline considerations for when to test and which method to use when assessing MMR status in genitourinary cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23408,"journal":{"name":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4000,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Urologic Oncology-seminars and Original Investigations","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.urolonc.2025.02.005","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"ONCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins maintain genomic stability, and their deficiency (dMMR) results in hypermutability and microsatellite instability. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab for use in any dMMR cancer but did not provide guidance regarding dMMR detection. This review examines laboratory methods (immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and next-generation sequencing) for dMMR detection, emphasizing their sensitivity, specificity, and limitations. Using the current literature, we outline considerations for when to test and which method to use when assessing MMR status in genitourinary cancers.
期刊介绍:
Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations is the official journal of the Society of Urologic Oncology. The journal publishes practical, timely, and relevant clinical and basic science research articles which address any aspect of urologic oncology. Each issue comprises original research, news and topics, survey articles providing short commentaries on other important articles in the urologic oncology literature, and reviews including an in-depth Seminar examining a specific clinical dilemma. The journal periodically publishes supplement issues devoted to areas of current interest to the urologic oncology community. Articles published are of interest to researchers and the clinicians involved in the practice of urologic oncology including urologists, oncologists, and radiologists.