Association of opioid utilization in the intensive care unit and opioid prescriptions at hospital discharge in opioid-naïve non-surgical patients who received enhanced oxygen therapy

IF 3.2 3区医学 Q2 CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE

Journal of critical care Pub Date : 2025-03-07 DOI:10.1016/j.jcrc.2025.155048

Lan N. Bui PharmD, MPH , Qian Ding BPharm, MS, PhD , Rowan Rosewarne PharmD, MPH , Tilyn Digiacomo PharmD, MSHIA , Jacob Jarboe PharmD , Whitney Seals BS , Emem Etukinoh PharmD, MSN , Denise H. Rhoney PharmD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the association between opioid utilization in community-based intensive care units and the continuation of opioid prescriptions at hospital discharge for non-surgical, opioid-naïve patients.

Materials and methods

This nested case-control study included adults without opioid prescriptions 45 days before hospital admission who had intensive care unit stays of 48 h or longer and received enhanced oxygen therapy. Patients were excluded if they had opioid allergies, cancer, in-hospital death, palliative care, major surgery, or substance use disorders. Opioid utilization was measured using cumulative oral morphine equivalents and average daily morphine equivalents during the intensive care unit stay. Multivariable regression models examined the association between opioid utilization and opioid prescription at discharge.

Results

Among 260 patients, 33 patients (12.7 %) received opioid prescriptions at discharge. These patients had significantly higher cumulative morphine equivalents during their intensive care unit stay (cases: 3362.4, standard error 1102.5; controls: 1024.9, standard error 240.0; p = 0.002) and higher average daily morphine equivalents during their stay (cases: 129.8, standard error 36.9; controls: 61.2, standard error 10.7; p = 0.03). Patients who received more than 90 cumulative morphine equivalents during their intensive care unit stay had 6.63 times higher odds of receiving an opioid prescription at discharge (p < 0.001). Each additional 10 daily morphine equivalents increased the odds of discharge continuation by 3 % (p = 0.011).

Conclusions

Increased opioid utilization during intensive care unit stays was associated with higher odds of opioid prescriptions at discharge in opioid-naïve, non-surgical patients.

Abstract key points

Question: Does opioid use in community-based ICUs correlate with continued opioid prescriptions at discharge for opioid-naïve, non-surgical patients?

Findings: This nested case-control study found that patients who received opioids during their ICU stay had a higher likelihood of being prescribed opioids at discharge. Specifically, those with cumulative opioid use >90 MME had 6.63 times higher odds of opioid continuation at discharge.

Meaning: The study concludes that higher opioid use during ICU stays significantly increases the likelihood of opioid prescription continuation at hospital discharge for opioid-naïve, non-surgical patients.

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来源期刊

Journal of critical care 医学-危重病医学

CiteScore

8.60

自引率

2.70%

发文量

237

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Critical Care, the official publication of the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine (WFSICCM), is a leading international, peer-reviewed journal providing original research, review articles, tutorials, and invited articles for physicians and allied health professionals involved in treating the critically ill. The Journal aims to improve patient care by furthering understanding of health systems research and its integration into clinical practice. The Journal will include articles which discuss: All aspects of health services research in critical care System based practice in anesthesiology, perioperative and critical care medicine The interface between anesthesiology, critical care medicine and pain Integrating intraoperative management in preparation for postoperative critical care management and recovery Optimizing patient management, i.e., exploring the interface between evidence-based principles or clinical insight into management and care of complex patients The team approach in the OR and ICU System-based research Medical ethics Technology in medicine Seminars discussing current, state of the art, and sometimes controversial topics in anesthesiology, critical care medicine, and professional education Residency Education.