Geochronology and petrology of Late Cretaceous subduction-related volcanics from Elazığ, SE Türkiye: Insights into deciphering petrogenesis and magma generation processes

Abstract

Subduction-related magmatism, representing the arc setting active just before the collision of the Arabian and Anatolian plates, crops out in large areas in the Southeastern Anatolian Orogenic Belt (SAOB). This study provides new geochemical and geochronological data that may provide important evidence for a more comprehensive understanding of the Late Cretaceous magmatism and evolution processes in the region. The trace element behaviour of igneous rocks bears traces of an N-MORB-like mantle source. The values of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_(i) range from 0.705250 to 0.706114, ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd_(i) from 0.512834 to 0.512888, and Ɛ_Nd(t) from 5.9 to 7.0. Zircon UPb dating indicates that the crystallisation age of the volcanism is 83.93 ± 1.21 Ma. Energy-constrained assimilation-fractional crystallisation (EC–AFC) modelling confirms that the studied rocks are contaminated by the lower crust to a quite low degree, between ~0.1 and 0.4 %. The volcanics were produced from a spinel lherzolite source, with low-medium degree partial melting (~1–12 %). According to the mixing calculation modelling, slab-derived components were involved by approximately 1–4 wt% in magma generation. The estimated mantle melting temperature and pressure conditions from the composition of volcanic rocks were between 1322 and 1442 °C and 1.07–2.14 GPa, respectively. The geochronological and geochemical constraints suggest that the possible sources and evolution of the subduction-related volcanics (SRV) record tectonic processes in an intra-oceanic arc setting in response to northward subduction during the Late Cretaceous.