Percutaneous auricular neuromodulation for postoperative analgesia.

Expert review of medical devices Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-05 DOI:10.1080/17434440.2025.2474731
John J Finneran Iv, Brian M Ilfeld
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Abstract

Introduction: Postoperative pain is often severe, with many patients still experiencing significant pain upon discharge. While opioids are effective for pain relief, they have numerous side effects and carry a high risk for misuse and dependence. Auricular electric stimulation, a form of neuromodulation, offers a promising alternative by electrically stimulating nerves of the auricle to modulate central pain pathways, potentially reducing postoperative pain and opioid requirements.

Areas covered: This review, based on a search of the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane review online sources from 1980 to 2024, discusses the use of auricular electric stimulation as a form of neuromodulation for management of postoperative pain focusing on the available evidence and future avenues for research.

Expert opinion: Percutaneous auricular nerve stimulation offers a promising neuromodulation technique for managing postoperative pain. By modulating central pain processing through peripheral stimulation, this approach may reduce pain during recovery. Small pilot studies have suggested that auricular stimulation may lower pain intensity and reduce opioid consumption after surgery; however, further research is needed regarding both potential benefits and risks. As a minimally invasive technique, percutaneous auricular stimulation may provide a valuable adjunct to multimodal analgesia, especially in patients at risk of opioid-related complications.

经皮耳神经调节术在术后镇痛中的应用。
术后疼痛通常很严重,许多患者出院时仍有明显的疼痛。虽然阿片类药物对缓解疼痛有效,但它们有许多副作用,并且存在滥用和依赖的高风险。耳穴电刺激是神经调节的一种形式,通过电刺激耳穴神经来调节中枢疼痛通路,有可能减少术后疼痛和阿片类药物的需求。涵盖领域:本综述基于MEDLINE/PubMed、Scopus和Cochrane 1980-2024年在线综述资料的检索,讨论了耳穴电刺激作为一种神经调节方式用于治疗术后疼痛,重点关注现有证据和未来的研究途径。专家意见:经皮耳神经刺激为治疗术后疼痛提供了一种很有前途的神经调节技术。通过外周刺激调节中枢性疼痛处理,这种方法可以减少恢复过程中的疼痛。小型试点研究表明,耳穴刺激可以降低手术后疼痛强度并减少阿片类药物的消耗;然而,对于潜在的益处和风险,需要进一步的研究。作为一种微创技术,经皮耳刺激可能为多模式镇痛提供有价值的辅助手段,特别是在有阿片类药物相关并发症风险的患者中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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