Terrestrial-aquatic connectivity structures microbial communities during the formation of thermokarst lakes.

IF 5.1 Q1 ECOLOGY
ISME communications Pub Date : 2025-02-10 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1093/ismeco/ycaf027
Martial Leroy, Melanie S Burnett, Isabelle Laurion, Peter M J Douglas, Cynthia M Kallenbach, Jérôme Comte
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Abstract

Rising air temperatures and permafrost degradation drive the erosion of palsas (permafrost mounds mainly composed of frozen peat and ice layers) and lead to the formation of thermokarst ponds and lakes, known for their high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This study investigates the impact of permafrost soil erosion during thermokarst lake formation on microbial community structure and its implications for GHG dynamics in a highly degraded permafrost valley (Nunavik, northern Quebec, Canada). Samples were collected from a palsa, an emerging lake connected to the palsa, surrounding peat and soil pore water, and two mature lakes which are older, stratified, and less connected to the palsa. Analysis of total and potentially active microbial communities, based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequence variants revealed significant changes in taxonomic and phylogenetic diversity during thermokarst lake formation. We found distinct assembly processes depending on the stage of formation. Firstly stochastics, they became more deterministic as lakes mature. Distinct methanogens/trophs communities in emerging lake led to lower CO2:CH4 ratio compared to the surface of mature lakes. Which presented a greater diversity of methanogens and distinct methanotrophic communities, with acetogenic, hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic methanogens along anaerobic an aerobic methanotrophs. Multivariate analyses revealed that selection processes were primarily driven by concentrations of CH4, CO2, and NO3 -. The interplay between the nitrogen and carbon cycles appears to be pivotal in these assemblages, with nitrogen playing key roles on community structure. These findings underscore the significance of terrestrial-aquatic connectivity in shaping microbial communities and GHG emissions in thermokarst lakes.

热岩溶湖形成过程中陆水连通性对微生物群落的影响。
气温上升和永久冻土退化推动了palsas(主要由冰冻泥炭和冰层组成的永久冻土土丘)的侵蚀,并导致热岩溶池塘和湖泊的形成,这些池塘和湖泊以其高温室气体排放而闻名。在加拿大魁北克省北部Nunavik的一个高度退化的永久冻土山谷中,研究了热岩溶湖形成过程中多年冻土侵蚀对微生物群落结构的影响及其对温室气体动力学的影响。样本来自于一个palsa,一个与palsa相连的新兴湖泊,周围有泥炭和土壤孔隙水,以及两个更古老,分层,与palsa联系较少的成熟湖泊。基于16S rRNA基因扩增子序列变异的总微生物群落和潜在活跃微生物群落分析揭示了热岩溶湖形成过程中分类和系统发育多样性的显著变化。我们发现不同的组装过程取决于形成的阶段。首先是随机的,随着湖泊的成熟,它们变得更加确定。新兴湖泊不同的产甲烷菌/营养菌群落导致其CO2:CH4比值低于成熟湖泊。其中产甲烷菌多样性较强,甲烷营养化群落特征明显,既有产丙酮型、氢营养型和甲基营养型甲烷菌,也有厌氧型和好氧型甲烷营养化菌。多变量分析表明,选择过程主要受CH4、CO2和NO3 -浓度的驱动。氮和碳循环之间的相互作用似乎是这些组合的关键,氮在群落结构中起关键作用。这些发现强调了陆水连通性在热岩溶湖微生物群落形成和温室气体排放中的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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