Multiomics analysis provides insights into musk secretion in muskrat and musk deer.

IF 11.8 2区生物学 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

GigaScience Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI:10.1093/gigascience/giaf006

Tao Wang, Maosen Yang, Xin Shi, Shilin Tian, Yan Li, Wenqian Xie, Zhengting Zou, Dong Leng, Ming Zhang, Chengli Zheng, Chungang Feng, Bo Zeng, Xiaolan Fan, Huimin Qiu, Jing Li, Guijun Zhao, Zhengrong Yuan, Diyan Li, Hang Jie

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Musk, secreted by the musk gland of adult male musk-secreting mammals, holds significant pharmaceutical and cosmetic potential. However, understanding the molecular mechanisms of musk secretion remains limited, largely due to the lack of comprehensive multiomics analyses and available platforms for relevant species, such as muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus) and Chinese forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov).

Results: We generated chromosome-level genome assemblies for the 2 species of muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus) and musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov), along with 168 transcriptomes from various muskrat tissues. Comparative analysis with 11 other vertebrate genomes revealed genes and amino acid sites with signs of adaptive convergent evolution, primarily linked to lipid metabolism, cell cycle regulation, protein binding, and immunity. Single-cell RNA sequencing in muskrat musk glands identified increased acinar/glandular epithelial cells during secretion, highlighting the role of lipometabolism in gland development and evolution. Additionally, we developed MuskDB (http://muskdb.cn/home/), a freely accessible multiomics database platform for musk-secreting mammals.

Conclusions: The study concludes that the evolution of musk secretion in muskrats and musk deer is likely driven by lipid metabolism and cell specialization. This underscores the complexity of the musk gland and calls for further investigation into musk secretion-specific genetic variants.

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多组学分析为麝鼠和麝分泌麝香提供了新的思路。

背景：麝香是由成年雄性麝香哺乳动物的麝香腺分泌的，具有重要的制药和化妆品潜力。然而，由于缺乏全面的多组学分析和相关物种（如麝鼠（Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus）和中国森林麝（Moschus berezovskii Flerov））的可用平台，对麝香分泌的分子机制的了解仍然有限。结果：我们获得了2种麝鼠（Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus）和麝（Moschus berezovskii Flerov）的染色体水平基因组组装，以及来自麝鼠不同组织的168个转录组。与其他11种脊椎动物基因组的比较分析显示，基因和氨基酸位点具有适应性趋同进化的迹象，主要与脂质代谢、细胞周期调节、蛋白质结合和免疫有关。麝鼠麝腺的单细胞RNA测序发现，分泌过程中腺泡/腺上皮细胞增加，强调了脂肪代谢在腺体发育和进化中的作用。此外，我们还开发了MuskDB (http://muskdb.cn/home/)，这是一个免费访问的多组学哺乳动物数据库平台。结论：麝鼠和麝分泌麝香的进化可能是由脂质代谢和细胞特化驱动的。这强调了麝香腺的复杂性，并要求进一步研究麝香分泌特异性基因变异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

GigaScience MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES-

CiteScore

15.50

自引率

1.10%

发文量

119

审稿时长

1 weeks

期刊介绍： GigaScience seeks to transform data dissemination and utilization in the life and biomedical sciences. As an online open-access open-data journal, it specializes in publishing "big-data" studies encompassing various fields. Its scope includes not only "omic" type data and the fields of high-throughput biology currently serviced by large public repositories, but also the growing range of more difficult-to-access data, such as imaging, neuroscience, ecology, cohort data, systems biology and other new types of large-scale shareable data.