Enhancing energy resilience in manufacturing enterprises: A systematic mapping of challenges to strategies

Abstract

An unreliable energy supply disrupts productivity and operational stability in manufacturing enterprises worldwide. Addressing these challenges requires achieving consensus among experts from diverse backgrounds. This study provides a preliminary understanding of mapping challenges to strategies, ensuring each challenge is paired with the most effective solution. By employing a structured and methodological approach, it ensures actionable insights, advancing academic discourse on energy resilience frameworks and their practical application in manufacturing enterprises. The study integrates Fleiss’ Kappa for expert agreement with the CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) method for objective strategy weighting, ensuring rigorous evaluation of relevance and importance. Grounded in the 4As energy resilience framework; Availability, Accessibility, Affordability, and Acceptability, the approach ensures adaptability and a balanced alignment of challenges with actionable strategies. Fourteen industry experts validated the framework, prioritizing strategies such as flexible scheduling and renewable energy integration. This study addresses the limitations of traditional methods like Delphi, which require multiple rounds and delay outcomes, by achieving rapid consensus in a single round. Combining Fleiss’ Kappa and CRITIC balances qualitative insights with objective analysis, reducing biases and enhancing reliability. These contributions establish the framework as a novel, scalable, and practical tool for improving energy resilience in diverse manufacturing contexts.