{"title":"Scaling new heights: a pilot study of the impact of climbing on balance, agility, and dexterity in individuals with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Julie D Ries, Molly Cupka, Andrew A Guccione","doi":"10.33393/aop.2025.3339","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exercise is known to be beneficial for individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Rock climbing contains exercise characteristics highlighted in published clinical guidelines for PD (e.g., aerobic, resistance, balance training, cued-movements, community-based) and also has unique somatosensory and visuospatial experiences that may facilitate motor learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a climbing program on the physical function of individuals with PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quasi-experimental observational pilot study used pre-to-post-test comparisons to assess participants with mild to moderate PD (Hoehn and Yahr 1-3) who walked independently. The intervention was 12 weeks of community-based, twice weekly top-rope climbing sessions under one-on-one supervision and tailored to skill level. Wall angles, hand/foot holds, and routes varied from climb to climb and became progressively more difficult as skills increased. The primary outcome measure was the Community Balance & Mobility Scale (CBMS); secondary measures were the Agility T-Test (ATT), 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), upper extremity reaction time using BlazePods (UE-React), and grip strength (GS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>28 participants completed the study: 8 women/20 men; mean age = 66.1 (sd = 7.4) years; average disease duration = 4.0 (sd = 3.6) years. <i>Paired t-tests</i> comparing pre- and post-test scores and effect sizes (ES) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for statistically significant results using <i>Hedge's g</i>. Findings were: CBMS (<i>p</i> < 0.001; ES = 0.573, 95% CI = 0.178-0.960), ATT (<i>p</i> < 0.001; ES = 0.462, 95% CI = 0.078-0.838), 9HPT (<i>p</i> < 0.001; ES = 0.480, 95% CI = 0.094-0.858), UE-React (<i>p</i> <0.001; ES = 0.329, 95% CI = -0.045-0.696); GS changes were non-significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Rock climbing demonstrated medium-size effects on mobility/balance and small-size effects on agility and dexterity that could impact functioning in everyday activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":72290,"journal":{"name":"Archives of physiotherapy","volume":"15 ","pages":"42-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11868794/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Archives of physiotherapy","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.33393/aop.2025.3339","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/1/1 0:00:00","PubModel":"eCollection","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"REHABILITATION","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Introduction: Exercise is known to be beneficial for individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD). Rock climbing contains exercise characteristics highlighted in published clinical guidelines for PD (e.g., aerobic, resistance, balance training, cued-movements, community-based) and also has unique somatosensory and visuospatial experiences that may facilitate motor learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a climbing program on the physical function of individuals with PD.
Methods: This quasi-experimental observational pilot study used pre-to-post-test comparisons to assess participants with mild to moderate PD (Hoehn and Yahr 1-3) who walked independently. The intervention was 12 weeks of community-based, twice weekly top-rope climbing sessions under one-on-one supervision and tailored to skill level. Wall angles, hand/foot holds, and routes varied from climb to climb and became progressively more difficult as skills increased. The primary outcome measure was the Community Balance & Mobility Scale (CBMS); secondary measures were the Agility T-Test (ATT), 9-Hole Peg Test (9HPT), upper extremity reaction time using BlazePods (UE-React), and grip strength (GS).
Results: 28 participants completed the study: 8 women/20 men; mean age = 66.1 (sd = 7.4) years; average disease duration = 4.0 (sd = 3.6) years. Paired t-tests comparing pre- and post-test scores and effect sizes (ES) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for statistically significant results using Hedge's g. Findings were: CBMS (p < 0.001; ES = 0.573, 95% CI = 0.178-0.960), ATT (p < 0.001; ES = 0.462, 95% CI = 0.078-0.838), 9HPT (p < 0.001; ES = 0.480, 95% CI = 0.094-0.858), UE-React (p <0.001; ES = 0.329, 95% CI = -0.045-0.696); GS changes were non-significant.
Conclusions: Rock climbing demonstrated medium-size effects on mobility/balance and small-size effects on agility and dexterity that could impact functioning in everyday activities.