Early-life disadvantage and parent-to-child financial transfers

IF 2.7 1区 社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES
Kent Jason Go Cheng
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Abstract

Objective

To determine (1) how parental childhood disadvantage is associated with parent-to-child financial transfers for schooling and other unspecified purposes and (2) whether the association holds when parental socioeconomic status (years of education, family income, wealth) is considered.

Background

Cumulative inequality theory posits that early life disadvantage may not only adversely affect one's resource accumulation across the life course, but it may also shape one's ability to provide assistance to offspring.

Method

Data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics were used to estimate zero-inflated negative binomial regression models to predict the amount of parent-to-child transfers (N = 2364 for school transfers, N = 3618 for other transfers), controlling for parents' and children's sociodemographic factors. Childhood disadvantage score (0 as reference, 1, 2, 3, 4+) was constructed using 13 items that reflect the economic, psychosocial, environmental, and health domains of early life. The associations of each domain with financial transfers were also estimated.

Results

Parents with 4+ disadvantages gave about $2200 less for schooling. Economic and environmental disadvantage lessened levels of school transfers, while environmental disadvantage decreased the odds of being a non-provider of other transfers. The disparity in transfer amounts generally narrowed when the mediating role of parental socioeconomic status was accounted for.

Conclusion

Higher education has become one of the major mechanisms through which class stratification, social inequality, and health disparities ensue. Educational outcomes among current cohorts of young adults could have been shaped by the preceding generation's childhood through intergenerational exchanges.

Abstract Image

早期生活劣势和父母对孩子的经济转移
目的确定(1)父母的童年劣势如何与父母对子女的教育和其他未指明目的的经济转移相关联;(2)当考虑父母的社会经济地位(受教育年限、家庭收入、财富)时,这种关联是否成立。累积不平等理论认为,早期生活的劣势不仅会对一个人一生中资源的积累产生不利影响,而且还会影响一个人为后代提供帮助的能力。方法利用收入动态面板研究的数据估计零膨胀负二项回归模型来预测父母对儿童转移的数量(学校转移N = 2364,其他转移N = 3618),控制父母和儿童的社会人口因素。童年劣势得分(0作为参考,1、2、3、4+)由13个项目构成,这些项目反映了早期生活的经济、社会心理、环境和健康领域。还估计了每个领域与财政转移的关联。结果4+劣势家长的学费少了2200美元左右。经济和环境劣势降低了学校转移的水平,而环境劣势降低了不提供其他转移的可能性。当考虑到父母社会经济地位的中介作用时,转移金额的差异一般会缩小。高等教育已成为阶级分层、社会不平等和健康差距产生的主要机制之一。当前年轻人群体的教育成果可能是由上一代人的童年经历通过代际交流形成的。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.20
自引率
6.70%
发文量
81
期刊介绍: For more than 70 years, Journal of Marriage and Family (JMF) has been a leading research journal in the family field. JMF features original research and theory, research interpretation and reviews, and critical discussion concerning all aspects of marriage, other forms of close relationships, and families.In 2009, an institutional subscription to Journal of Marriage and Family includes a subscription to Family Relations and Journal of Family Theory & Review.
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