Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Screening Mammography During COVID-19 in the Upper Midwest

IF 4 3区医学 Q1 RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING

Journal of the American College of Radiology Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jacr.2025.01.001

Nia Foster BS , Arissa Milton BS , Ryan W. Woods MD, MPH , Mai Elezaby MD , Joan Neuner MD, MPH , Kelly Hackett MPH , Noelle LoConte MD, MS , Elizabeth S. Burnside MD, MHS, MS , Anand K. Narayan MD, PhD

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective

Studies conducted prior to COVID-19 suggested that racial and ethnic disparities in mammographic screening have reduced over time. COVID-19 has had devastating effects on racial and ethnic minority populations, resulting in delays in preventive screening. Our purpose was to determine if racial and ethnic minority groups were less likely to receive mammographic screening during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in a multisite academic medical center in the Upper Midwest to evaluate screening disparities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants included 50- to 74-year-old female individuals (June 2021 to May 2022). Additional control group was included for pre-COVID-19 case-control comparison (June 2018 to May 2019). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression analyses estimated the association between screening and race and ethnicity including interaction terms to assess temporal interactions associated with COVID-19. Study was deemed exempt from institutional review board review.

Results

In all, 37,509 eligible female patients were included. Of them, 73.8% of eligible patients received a mammogram within the last 2 years (White 74.7%, Black 57.6%, Asian 67.0%, American Indian 60.1%, Hispanic 64.2%). In our adjusted analyses, Black (P < .001), Asian (P = .003), and American Indian patients (P = .001) were less likely to receive screening. Hispanic patients were comparably likely to receive screening (P = .338). Non-English-preferred languages, uninsured or Medicaid, and living in rural areas were associated with decreased screening (P < .001). In all, 36,768 eligible female patients were included for pre-COVID-19 comparison. Compared with the pre–COVID-19 time period, COVID-19 was associated with increased screening disparities (P < .001) for Black and Hispanic women (P < .001).

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased racial and ethnic screening disparities. Targeted outreach efforts are required to ensure equitable access to mammographic screening for medically underserved patient populations.

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来源期刊

Journal of the American College of Radiology RADIOLOGY, NUCLEAR MEDICINE & MEDICAL IMAGING-

CiteScore

6.30

自引率

8.90%

发文量

312

审稿时长

34 days

期刊介绍： The official journal of the American College of Radiology, JACR informs its readers of timely, pertinent, and important topics affecting the practice of diagnostic radiologists, interventional radiologists, medical physicists, and radiation oncologists. In so doing, JACR improves their practices and helps optimize their role in the health care system. By providing a forum for informative, well-written articles on health policy, clinical practice, practice management, data science, and education, JACR engages readers in a dialogue that ultimately benefits patient care.