{"title":"Evaluation of aerosol generation and cooling effects of evaporative plus convective cooling in heat stroke treatment: A simulation study","authors":"Jun Kanda, Yasufumi Miyake, Yuzo Sakamoto, Shoichi Yoshiike, Tomohiko Takeuchi, Tomoki Kanda, Daiki Tanaka, Tadashi Umehara, Kaori Kono, Yasushi Mizutani, Ayumi Tomonaga, Masahiro Asami, Akifumi Yoshida, Maiko Yamazaki, Naoto Morimura, Tetsuya Sakamoto","doi":"10.1002/ams2.70023","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>This study aimed to experimentally verify the safety and effectiveness of evaporative plus convective cooling used in heat stroke treatment using a doll simulating a patient with heat stroke.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Methods</h3>\n \n <p>Evaporative plus convective cooling was simulated by blowing air through a fan (speed: approximately 1.0 or 2.5 m/s) and using normal (20°C) or slightly warm (40°C) water on a doll whose surface body temperature was set at 40°C. We measured the change in surface body temperature using a surface heater attached to the back of the doll's chest cover and observed aerosol generation (size: ≥5 μm) using a particulate visualization system. Three particle counters were placed to measure the generated particles that were not captured by the particulate visualization system.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>The cooling effect of the 2.5 m/s wind speed was greater than that of the 1.0 m/s wind speed. No particles >0.5 μm were observed, and no aerosol particles were generated.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusions</h3>\n \n <p>Our results thus suggested that wind force has a significant effect, and there was no risk of aerosol-related viral infection in evaporative plus convective cooling. However, this does not rule out the risk of droplet infection.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":7196,"journal":{"name":"Acute Medicine & Surgery","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ams2.70023","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Acute Medicine & Surgery","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ams2.70023","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
Aim
This study aimed to experimentally verify the safety and effectiveness of evaporative plus convective cooling used in heat stroke treatment using a doll simulating a patient with heat stroke.
Methods
Evaporative plus convective cooling was simulated by blowing air through a fan (speed: approximately 1.0 or 2.5 m/s) and using normal (20°C) or slightly warm (40°C) water on a doll whose surface body temperature was set at 40°C. We measured the change in surface body temperature using a surface heater attached to the back of the doll's chest cover and observed aerosol generation (size: ≥5 μm) using a particulate visualization system. Three particle counters were placed to measure the generated particles that were not captured by the particulate visualization system.
Results
The cooling effect of the 2.5 m/s wind speed was greater than that of the 1.0 m/s wind speed. No particles >0.5 μm were observed, and no aerosol particles were generated.
Conclusions
Our results thus suggested that wind force has a significant effect, and there was no risk of aerosol-related viral infection in evaporative plus convective cooling. However, this does not rule out the risk of droplet infection.
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