Extracellular metabolites relieve the inhibitory effect of ferrous ions on microbial reduction of schwertmannite

IF 3.6 2区地球科学 Q1 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS

Chemical Geology Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122709

Changdong Ke , Qian Yao , Yanping Deng , Siyu Zhang , Zhiliang Li , Renren Wu , Chuling Guo , Zhi Dang

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Abstract

In the environment, microbe-mineral-metabolites are tightly linked. Currently, the microbe-mineral interactions have been studied, but the effect of microbial metabolites on the microbe-mineral interactions is unclear. This study investigated the effect of metabolites of Shewanella oneidensis (an iron-reducing bacterium, FeRB) (or Desulfosporosinus meridiei [a sulfate-reducing bacterium, SRB]) on SRB (or FeRB) mediated transformation of schwertmannite (Sch), a mineral in acidic soils rich in sulfate (SO₄²⁻). The results showed that microbial metabolites relieved the inhibition of FeRB and SRB by complexing ferrous ions (Fe²⁺), thus promoting the microbial reduction of Sch. Besides, metabolites altered the pathways of microbial reduction and mineral transformation. In the absence of metabolites, FeRB mediated Fe(III) reduction mainly by increasing the cell abundance, while in the presence of metabolites, FeRB upregulated gene expression (mtrC and omcA) to enhance the Fe(III) reduction, and the Sch transformation pathway was Sch → goethite → siderite. For SRB, metabolites upregulated the dsr gene expression to accelerate SRB reducing SO₄²⁻, and the Sch transformation pathway was Sch → goethite and mackinawite → siderite, mackinawite and pyrite. Metabolomics and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis revealed a large amount of phenylalanine (∼1.5 mM) and citric acid (∼0.2 mM) were present in the metabolites of FeRB and SRB, respectively, which complexed Fe²⁺ and promoted the microbial reduction of Sch. This study highlighted the important role of metabolites in maintaining soil biological activity and provided new insights into the microbe-mineral-metabolite interactions.

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胞外代谢物缓解了亚铁离子对施韦特曼石微生物还原的抑制作用

在环境中，微生物-矿物质-代谢物紧密相连。目前对微生物-矿物质相互作用的研究较多，但微生物代谢物对微生物-矿物质相互作用的影响尚不清楚。本研究研究了舍瓦氏菌（一种铁还原细菌，FeRB）（或硫酸盐还原细菌，SRB）的代谢物对SRB（或FeRB）介导的施wertmannite （Sch）转化的影响，施wertmannite是一种富含硫酸盐（SO42−）的酸性土壤中的矿物质。结果表明，微生物代谢物通过络合铁离子（Fe2+），缓解了对铁硼和SRB的抑制，促进了Sch的微生物还原，并改变了微生物还原和矿物转化的途径。在没有代谢物的情况下，FeRB主要通过增加细胞丰度介导Fe（III）的还原，而在有代谢物的情况下，FeRB上调基因表达（mtrC和omcA），增强Fe（III）的还原，Sch转化途径为Sch→针铁矿→铁铁矿。对于SRB，代谢物上调dsr基因表达，加速SRB还原SO42−，Sch转化途径为Sch→针铁矿和麦金石→菱铁矿、麦金石和黄铁矿。代谢组学和高效液相色谱分析显示，FeRB和SRB的代谢物中分别存在大量的苯丙氨酸（~ 1.5 mM）和柠檬酸（~ 0.2 mM），它们络合Fe2+并促进Sch的微生物还原。该研究突出了代谢物在维持土壤生物活性中的重要作用，并为微生物-矿物-代谢物相互作用提供了新的见解。

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来源期刊

Chemical Geology 地学-地球化学与地球物理

CiteScore

7.20

自引率

10.30%

发文量

374

审稿时长

3.6 months

期刊介绍： Chemical Geology is an international journal that publishes original research papers on isotopic and elemental geochemistry, geochronology and cosmochemistry. The Journal focuses on chemical processes in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary petrology, low- and high-temperature aqueous solutions, biogeochemistry, the environment and cosmochemistry. Papers that are field, experimentally, or computationally based are appropriate if they are of broad international interest. The Journal generally does not publish papers that are primarily of regional or local interest, or which are primarily focused on remediation and applied geochemistry. The Journal also welcomes innovative papers dealing with significant analytical advances that are of wide interest in the community and extend significantly beyond the scope of what would be included in the methods section of a standard research paper.