Revisiting the Object-Processing Paradigm in the Study of Gaze Cues: What Two Decades of Research Have Taught Us About Infant Social Learning

IF 2 2区心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL

Infancy Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI:10.1111/infa.70007

Christine Michel, Maleen Thiele

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Abstract

Infants are highly sensitive to social stimuli from early on in ontogeny. Social cues, including others' gaze, not only capture and guide infants' attention, but also modulate the efficiency in which the infant (brain) encodes and recognizes information. Over the last two decades, the novelty preference based object-processing paradigm has been instrumental in investigating this phenomenon experimentally. This paper offers a comprehensive review and critical evaluation of methodological aspects and empirical findings from previous research using this paradigm to study the influence of (non-)social cues on infants' object processing. We highlight the critical role of methodological details and discuss influential factors such as eye contact, infants' object-directed attention, naturalistic environments, and potential neural correlates associated with enhanced object encoding. A comprehensive review table summarizes key methodological details from previous studies to assist researchers in making informed decisions when designing future studies. We conclude that the object-processing paradigm has proven to be an effective method with high potential for future research disentangling the influence of fine-grained factors on infants' object memory.

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重新审视凝视线索研究中的对象处理范式：二十年的研究告诉我们关于婴儿社会学习的东西

婴儿在个体发育早期就对社会刺激高度敏感。社会线索，包括他人的凝视，不仅捕捉和引导婴儿的注意力，而且还调节婴儿（大脑）编码和识别信息的效率。在过去的二十年中，基于新颖性偏好的对象处理范式在实验研究这一现象方面发挥了重要作用。本文利用这一范式研究（非）社会线索对婴儿客体加工的影响，对先前的研究方法和实证结果进行了全面的回顾和批判性评价。我们强调了方法细节的关键作用，并讨论了影响因素，如目光接触、婴儿的对象导向注意力、自然环境以及与增强的对象编码相关的潜在神经关联。一个全面的回顾表总结了以前研究的关键方法细节，以帮助研究人员在设计未来研究时做出明智的决定。我们的结论是，客体处理范式已被证明是一种有效的方法，具有很高的潜力，可以在未来的研究中揭示细粒度因素对婴儿客体记忆的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Infancy PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

7.70%

发文量

期刊介绍： Infancy, the official journal of the International Society on Infant Studies, emphasizes the highest quality original research on normal and aberrant infant development during the first two years. Both human and animal research are included. In addition to regular length research articles and brief reports (3000-word maximum), the journal includes solicited target articles along with a series of commentaries; debates, in which different theoretical positions are presented along with a series of commentaries; and thematic collections, a group of three to five reports or summaries of research on the same issue, conducted independently at different laboratories, with invited commentaries.