Adaptive coil and compensation integration design (ACCID) for enhancing wireless charging for electric vehicles with efficient power transfer

Abstract

The rapid adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) necessitates the development of efficient and reliable Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) systems. However, conventional WPT designs face challenges such as alignment sensitivity, high leakage inductance, and efficiency variations under dynamic load conditions. This research proposes an Adaptive Coil and Compensation Integration Framework (ACCIF) to enhance wireless EV charging by optimizing magnetic coupling and ensuring stable power transfer. A novel nested coil configuration is introduced, wherein the primary and secondary windings follow an interleaving pattern to enhance electromagnetic coupling, minimize leakage inductance, and mitigate electromagnetic interference (EMI). The nested design improves field alignment and ensures consistent power transfer over unipolar coils. Additionally, a double-sided LCC (D-LCC) compensation circuit is employed to maintain resonance stability and optimize efficiency across varying load conditions. The system leverages Resonant Inductive Power Transfer to sustain a constant current in the transmitter-side inductor, further enhancing power transfer efficiency. Experimental validation demonstrates a power transfer capability of 0.6 kW across a 243 mm air gap, achieving an efficiency of 94.68 %. By integrating advanced coil structures with adaptive compensation mechanisms, this research provides a scalable and practical solution for improving WPT technologies, contributing to the advancement of efficient and reliable wireless EV charging systems.