Adaptation of Natural Killer Cells to Hypoxia: A Review of the Transcriptional, Translational, and Metabolic Processes.

IF 6.2 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY
ImmunoTargets and Therapy Pub Date : 2025-02-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.2147/ITT.S492334
Te-Ding Chang, Yu-Jie Chen, Jia-Liu Luo, Cong Zhang, Shun-Yao Chen, Zhi-Qiang Lin, Pei-Dong Zhang, You-Xie Shen, Ting-Xuan Tang, Hui Li, Li-Ming Dong, Zhao-Hui Tang, Deng Chen, Yu-Man Wang
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

As important innate immune cells, natural killer (NK) cells play an essential role in resisting pathogen invasion and eliminating transformed cells. However, the hypoxic microenvironment caused by disease conditions is an important physicochemical factor that impairs NK cell function. With the increasing prominence of NK cells in immunotherapy, there has been a surge of interest in developing biological means through which NK cells may overcome the inhibition caused by hypoxia in disease conditions. Although the effects of hypoxic conditions in shaping the functions of NK cells have been increasingly recognized and investigated, reviews have been scantly. A comprehensive understanding of how NK cells adapt to hypoxia can provide valuable insights into how the functional capacity of NK cells may be restored. This review focuses on the functional alterations of NK cells in response to hypoxia. It delineates the mechanisms by which NK cells adapt to hypoxia at the transcriptional, metabolic, translational levels. Furthermore, given the complexity of the hypoxic microenvironment, we also elucidated the effects of key hypoxic metabolites on NK cells. Finally, this review discusses the current clinical therapies derived from targeting hypoxic NK cells. The study of NK cell adaptation to hypoxia has yielded new insights into immunotherapy. These insights may lead to development of novel strategies to improve the treatment of infectious diseases and cancer.

自然杀伤细胞对缺氧的适应:转录、翻译和代谢过程的综述。
自然杀伤细胞(natural killer, NK)作为重要的先天免疫细胞,在抵抗病原体侵袭和清除转化细胞中起着至关重要的作用。而疾病条件引起的缺氧微环境是影响NK细胞功能的重要理化因素。随着NK细胞在免疫治疗中的作用日益突出,人们对开发NK细胞克服疾病条件下缺氧引起的抑制的生物手段产生了浓厚的兴趣。虽然低氧条件在形成NK细胞功能方面的影响已经越来越多地被认识和研究,但评论很少。对NK细胞如何适应缺氧的全面了解可以为NK细胞如何恢复功能能力提供有价值的见解。本文综述了NK细胞在缺氧条件下的功能改变。它描绘了NK细胞在转录,代谢,翻译水平上适应缺氧的机制。此外,考虑到缺氧微环境的复杂性,我们还阐明了关键的缺氧代谢物对NK细胞的影响。最后,本文综述了目前针对缺氧NK细胞的临床治疗方法。NK细胞对缺氧的适应性研究为免疫治疗提供了新的见解。这些见解可能会导致开发新的策略,以改善传染病和癌症的治疗。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
16.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
7
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Immuno Targets and Therapy is an international, peer-reviewed open access journal focusing on the immunological basis of diseases, potential targets for immune based therapy and treatment protocols employed to improve patient management. Basic immunology and physiology of the immune system in health, and disease will be also covered.In addition, the journal will focus on the impact of management programs and new therapeutic agents and protocols on patient perspectives such as quality of life, adherence and satisfaction.
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